Investigation on antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties of triple bark extract formulated using traditional medicinal plants

Abstract

Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been widely used against dreadful pathogens due to their ability to kill microbes. Also, the limitations of the present treatment methods have led the researchers to explore for new formulations with aspects of better wound healing and control of infections. In the present study antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties of a polyherbal formulation prepared from the barks of three medicinal plants for treating wound infection were investigated. The polyherbal formulation was tested for broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and antifungal activity against Fluconazole resistant Candida albicans. The result reveals that the polyherbal formulation exhibited antimicrobial activity against antibiotic resistant gram-positive MRSA and C. albicans and moderate against gram-negative P. aeruginosa, E. coli and S. typhi. The antioxidant activities like 1,1′-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and hydrogen peroxide scavenging ability of the formulation was compared with standard ascorbic acid. The higher antioxidant activity was found mostly due to the presence of higher amount of phenols and flavonoids. The phenol was found to be 48.63 ± 0.35 mg/g and flavonoids was 29.52 ± 1.13 mg/g. The polyherbal formulation helps in the proliferation of fibroblast cells without affecting the viability. The above result reveals that the formulation has good antimicrobial and antioxidant activity without affecting the viability of the cell.

Inhibitory Effects of Selected Medicinal Plants on Bacterial Growth of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…HepG2 and A549 cells were treated with MIC concentrations of extracts and fractions for 24 h. The number of viable cells was counted, and cell viability was calculated with the percentage of living cells and dead cells. As shown in Table 6, ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of C. sappan had low cytotoxicity (>90% cell viability) at concentrations of 62.5 and 31.2 μg/mL, whereas other extracts and fractions showed mild cytotoxicity (60-90% cell viability) [31]. Cell viability increased at lower doses, and both cell lines showed a slight difference in the viability between different fraction solvents and plant materials but with no significant differences.…”

Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS) in Empetrum rubrum Vahl ex Willd.

“…Phenols and polyphenols are intrinsically antioxidants [ 7 ], and this group of secondary plant metabolites is present in all parts of plants [ 8 ] and possesses nonenzymatic antioxidant properties [ 9 ]. Furthermore, plant extracts with phenolic compounds exert different biological functions [ 10 ], such as antifungal [ 11 , 12 ], antibacterial [ 13 , 14 ], antiviral [ 15 ], and anti-inflammatory activities [ 16 ]. Under different environmental biotic stresses, phenols are compounds produced by plants that provide structural integrity and support to plants, and compounds with the aromatic benzene ring play a significant role in plant development, especially in the form of plant defense [ 17 ].…”