Investigation of volatile organic compounds and phthalates present in the cabin air of used private cars

Geiss, Otmar; Tirendi, Salvatore; Barrero-Moreno, Josefa; Kotzias, D.

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2009.07.016

Cited by 99 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Exposure to pollutants (VOCs, particles) inside car cabins is often very high, compared to other outdoor or indoor micro-environments (Geiss et al, 2009). Praml and Schierl (2000) investigated PM 10 exposure in buses and trams in Munich, Germany: the results indicated that particulate concentrations inside vehicles originated from external sources, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Particulate Matter in Vehicle Cabins of Private Cars

Geiss

Josefa

Tirendi

et al. 2010

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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A growing number of studies indicate the significance of short-term exposures to airborne particulate matter, such as those occurring in a vehicle cabin. In this study, PM 10 , PM 2.5 , PM 1 concentrations were measured using optical particle counters in eighteen tobacco smoke-free private cars in movement. The average concentrations were 48.6 µg/m 3 , 26.9 µg/m 3 and 22.6 µg/m 3 for PM 10, PM 2.5 and for PM 1, respectively. These levels were found to depend directly on the ambient air PM concentration and the choice of ventilation used inside the cars. The average number of particles with a diameter > 0.3 µm measured in the cabins of the cars was 185,723 particles/L. The average number of particles with a diameter between 0.02-1 µm was 16,391 particles/cm 3 . Concentrations were found to partly exceed the established limit values for ambient air. Thus, the time spent driving a vehicle might significantly contribute to the daily overall exposure to particulate matter, especially in the case of some groups of professional workers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Particulate Matter in Vehicle Cabins of Private Cars

Geiss

Josefa

Tirendi

et al. 2010

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Various pollution indices have been proposed, the most satisfactory being an indoor air pollution index, IAPI, (Sofuoglu and Moschandreas, 2003) VOC concentrations in various outlets in an American shopping mall have been determined (Eklund et al 2008), and data have been gathered on VOC concentrations in a wide variety of locations indoors (e.g., home, schools and commercial buildings) and outdoors (e.g., non-industrial and industrial areas) (Cometto-Muñiz and Abraham, 2015). Concentrations of VOCs in cars, buses and taxis in different towns in the world have also been reported (Geiss et al 2009). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of air quality reflecting the chemosensory irritation impact of mixtures of volatile organic compounds

Abraham

Gola

Cometto‐Muñiz

2016

Environment International

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“…Another source of environmental pollution by benzene is evaporation during filling operations at gasoline stations or during loading and unloading of fuel tanker lorries, even if the use of aspiration systems to retrieve the vapors during such operations has significantly reduced these emissions, by up to 75% (Duarte-Davidson et al, 2001). In addition, higher concentrations of benzene than the background outdoor levels are present inside vehicles, including buses and private cars, due not only to the penetration inside the body of the vehicle of exhaust fumes from other vehicles, but also to leaks from gasoline tanks and gasoline leads and circuits (Geiss et al, 2009;Li et al, 2009). The levels of benzene emitted by vehicles depend on the type and age of the vehicle, the type of traffic and the ventilation within the body of the car (Duarte-Davidson et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%