Investigation of UAS Ingestion into High-Bypass Engines, Part 2: Parametric Drone Study

Schroeder, Kevin; Song, Young Joo; Horton, Brandon; Bayandor, Javid

doi:10.2514/6.2017-0187

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Developments in incorporating empirical data into higher-fidelity computational modeling are needed. Computational modeling in [ Refs 2,3] compares the effects of UAS ingestion with that of organic matter.  Agility.…”

Section: A Summary Of a Preliminary Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is partnering with industry to promote safe use of UAS 3 . The main approach to safety is separation of various domains in the air and on the ground, e.g., via Geofencing 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the hard components of UASthe battery, the engine, the camerapresent danger to engines on large aircraft and to windshields on small aircraft. Recent computational investigations into UAS ingestion into engines confirm the potential hazardous effects of collision with UAS [ Refs 2,3]. Non-cooperative behavior, whether unwitting or intentional, will present growing danger to aircraft carrying passengers, as well as humans on the ground, as availability of UAS and density of UAS traffic increase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technology Considerations for Inclusion of Survivability in MDAO

Alexandrov

2017

18th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference

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Rising traffic density, along with autonomy and diversity of vehicles in the air, will fundamentally change the safety environment of the future air transportation system. The change in risk is twofold: increasing chances of mid-air collisions with non-cooperative objects and increasing chances of crashes over highly populated areas. The changing nature of the vehicles populating the airspace means that civilian aircraft design must now explicitly include considerations of survivability in the event of collision with other vehicles, as well as prevention of damage to people, animals and property on the ground, to a much greater extent than today. This paper offers a preliminary perspective on how MDAO could contribute toward these goals. One of the conclusions is that, in contrast to traditional vehicle design, to accommodate the complexity of the future airspace safely and efficiently, vehicle design requirements, modeling, and design optimization must be closely connected to the properties of the airspace, including those of other vehicles in the air. Thus, the total measure of a vehicle's survivability should include the traditional survivability in malfunction scenarios, combined with new considerations of survivability in collisions and survivability of the public on the ground.

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Section: A Summary Of a Preliminary Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technology Considerations for Inclusion of Survivability in MDAO

Alexandrov

2017

18th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference

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“…One of the threats is the collision of drones and manned aircraft [1]. Investigation of the damage posed by drones on aircraft shows that drones pose a greater level of threat than what existing regulations allow, as well as more serious damage than that of flying birds [2,3]. It has been reported that a majority of the total incidents involving drones and aircraft took place within five miles of an airport, which is likewise prohibited airspace for all drones, regardless of the altitude at which they are flying [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference of Radar Detection of Drones by Birds

Gong¹,

Yan²,

Li³

et al. 2019

PIER M

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Recently, consumer drones have encroached upon airports and pose a potential threat to aviation safety. Radar is an effective remote sensing tool to detect and track flying drones. Radar echoes from flying birds are assumed to be clutters when a radar is detecting drones. Yet, few studies have reported how radar echoes from flying birds interfere with the detection of drones, how similar radar cross section (RCS) and flight feature of birds and drones are, and why the flying birds cause trouble when radar identifies signals from the drone. In this study, we collected 3900 × 256 of Ku-band radar echoes of flying birds and consumer drones. The targets consist of a pigeon, a crane, waterfowl, and a DJI Phantom 3 Vision drone. We compared the maximum detectable range of birds and drones, the time series and the Doppler spectrum of radar echoes from the birds and the drone, considering oncoming and outgoing radar data with respect to radar location. The statistical results indicate that flying birds have similar RCS, same velocity range, similar signal fluctuation, and approximate signal amplitude. Our results of radar automatic target recognition (ATR) illuminate that the identification probability of airborne drones will be lower due to the interference of the radar signal by flying birds. Above all, these facts confirm that flying birds are the main cause of interference when a radar is detecting and identifying airborne drones.

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“…While the current likelihood of collision appears low (Dourado and Hammond 2016), its effects could be serious according to a study commissioned in the UK (QinetiQ and Natural Impacts 2016). Tests show that recreational drones (that often weigh about 1.5 kg) may not endanger jet engines, but professional ones (7 kg) can (Schroeder et al 2017;Song et al 2017). Even the former might severely damage an aircraft wing (Gregg 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Civil unmanned aircraft systems and security: The European approach

Huttunen

2019

J Transp Secur

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Civil unmanned aircraft systems, commonly known as drones, have many useful applications but can also be used to intentionally cause harm. Additionally, drones themselves can be subject to unlawful interference. In this article, I analyze how European Union's new rules on drones affect such security threats. I argue that the rules on protecting drones from unlawful interference are promising, although the required security features can also be abused by rogue operators. The intentional misuse of drones, however, is not much deterred by the rules that seek to protect persons and property from such misuse. Rules concerning the operator and the pilot assume compliance, the mandatory technical safeguards can be circumvented, and oversight is difficult because drones are mostly operated from outside airports in a distributed manner. One way to fill the security gap is to employ anti-drone technology that detects drones and prevents them from entering sensitive airspace without permission. Although many airports have already adopted such technology, the EU should consider making it mandatory for the busiest airports. Regardless of rules enacted by the Union, though, reliable and safe means of stopping unlawful drone operations should be employed at critical locations. This applies also to areas like prisons and power plants, the protection of which falls within the ambit of national security.

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Investigation of UAS Ingestion into High-Bypass Engines, Part 2: Parametric Drone Study

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

Technology Considerations for Inclusion of Survivability in MDAO

Technology Considerations for Inclusion of Survivability in MDAO

Interference of Radar Detection of Drones by Birds

Civil unmanned aircraft systems and security: The European approach

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