Investigation of the Vertical Influence of the 11-Year Solar Cycle on Ozone Using SBUV and Antarctic Ground-Based Measurements and CMIP6 Forcing Data

Grytsai, Asen; Evtushevsky, Oleksandr; Klekociuk, Andrew; Milinevsky, Gennadi; Yampolsky, Yuri; Ivaniha, Oksana; Wang, Yuke

doi:10.3390/atmos11080873

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…The results indicated in Figs. 2 and 3 agree with a study of ozone thickness relation with the solar cycle, in which an 11-year cycle is found only at the low latitude due to Brewer-Dobson circulation (Grytsai et al 2020 ). And the unclear relation between ozone thickness and solar activity in middle and high latitudes is also found by the ground UV-B exposure study using a proxy of pollen grains (Jardine et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Relation of pandemics with solar cycles through ozone, cloud seeds, and vitamin D

Lee

Kim

Kwak

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The global records of infectious diseases, including Western and Eastern documents from 1825 to 2020, during which sunspot observations are considered reliable, show that 27 of the 34 pandemic outbreaks were coincident with sunspot number maxima or minima. There is evidence that the intensity of galactic cosmic rays is anti-correlated with solar activity and that cloud seed formation is accelerated by galactic cosmic rays. There are a substantial number of research papers showing the relationship between COVID-19 and vitamin D deficiency. The data analysis of ozone thickness measured based on NASA satellite observations revealed that ozone thickness has 11-year and 28-month cycles. Because the 11-year cycles of ozone thickness and cloud seed attenuation are anti-correlated, when either one becomes extremely thick, such as at the maximum or minimum point of solar activity, UV radiation is over-attenuated, and human vitamin D deficiency is globally increased. This finding explains the coincidence of pandemic outbreaks with the extrema of the sunspot numbers. Vitamin D supplementation can be an effective countermeasure against the spread of infectious diseases, which is a paramount importance to global society. Future pandemic forecasting should include the 11-year and 28-month cycles of UV radiation. This founding completes the relationship between solar activity and human health through the earth’s environment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Relation of pandemics with solar cycles through ozone, cloud seeds, and vitamin D

Lee

Kim

Kwak

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…It should also be mentioned that relative variations of the ozone concentration in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere related to solar activity are more significant than those of the corresponding integral ozone content. For example, it is reported that in the 23rd cycle, relative ozone changes between the solar minimum and maximum in the region of the Antarctic ozone hole amounted to 6.8-9.6% at altitudes of 22-31 km [31]. So, this effect could be considered as one of reasons for the decrease in variances in the 2007-2017 decade.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Analysis of 1996–2017 Ozone Profile Data Obtained by Ground-Based Microwave Radiometry

2020

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Trends in the ozone layer remain among the major problems of the atmosphere physics; thus, results of measurements of the ozone altitude distribution (profile), carried out in the same place and via the same method, are very important. This paper presents the results of the statistical analysis of ensembles of ozone profiles obtained from ground-based microwave radiometry data acquired at the P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute over a period of two decades (1996–2017). The data collected show the significant difference between monthly mean statistical parameters of ozone profiles of the decades 1996–2006 and 2007–2017. The main and unexpected result is the drastic decrease in monthly root-mean-square (rms) variances of ozone profiles over Moscow above 30 km in cold months of the decade 2007–2017 (if compared to the variances in the decade 1996–2006) with the maximum fall by 46% at 39 km in February monthly mean variances. The decade change of variances obtained by averaging over all nine months in the analysis (from September to May) has the same decrease with maximum fall by 25% at 38 km. Additionally, significant decade changes were revealed in other monthly mean statistical parameters: probability density of ozone profile variances, inter-altitude covariance and correlation functions, and time covariance and correlation—as well as their frequency spectra. The decade change of the ozone profile obtained by averaging over the nine months appeared much less significant: the decrease by 5.7% at the altitude of 19 km (with 1.5% sampling error), minor decrease by 2.6% (with sampling error 1.5%) in the profile maximum at 37 km, and increases of 1.7% at 28 km and 2.5% at 47 km (with sampling errors 1.7%)—lower and higher of this maximum. In addition to that, the corresponding averaged mean total column (integral) ozone content above 20 km remained practically unchanged: 4.61 g/m2 for decade 1996–2006 as compared to 4.58 g/m2 for 2007–2017. Possible explanations of revealed offsets are proposed and discussed.

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“…The raw response uncertainty for each SABER channel was estimated using Equation (30). This uncertainty represents the short-term temporal measurement errors for each individual measurement.…”

Section: Response Noise and Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This uncertainty represents the short-term temporal measurement errors for each individual measurement. (30) where:…”

Section: Response Noise and Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER): Instrument and Science Measurement Description

Esplin

Mlynczak

Russell

et al. 2023

Preprint

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SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry) is a 10-channel infrared radiometer that is one of four instruments on the NASA TIMED (Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics) satellite mission to study the structure, energetics, chemistry, and dynamics of the Earth’s mesosphere and lower thermosphere. The TIMED spacecraft was launched into a 625 km circular polar orbit (74.1º inclination) via a Boeing Delta II rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base on 7 December 2001. SABER continues to operate nominally and collect data routinely as it has for over 21 years. Over 2,200 peer-reviewed journal articles have been published worldwide using SABER data. A list of these articles is included in the Supporting Information accompanying this paper. This paper presents a detailed technical description of the SABER instrument including major subsystems of the instrument and technical performance parameters. This paper comprehensively describes the instrument and its components and provides final instrument design and performance parameters. The motivation for this paper is to document this information permanently for future reference. The Space Dynamics Laboratory (SDL) of Utah State University designed, fabricated, and calibrated the SABER instrument in close collaboration with NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton University, and Global Atmospheric Technologies and Science (GATS).

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Investigation of the Vertical Influence of the 11-Year Solar Cycle on Ozone Using SBUV and Antarctic Ground-Based Measurements and CMIP6 Forcing Data

Cited by 5 publications

References 65 publications

Relation of pandemics with solar cycles through ozone, cloud seeds, and vitamin D

Relation of pandemics with solar cycles through ozone, cloud seeds, and vitamin D

Statistical Analysis of 1996–2017 Ozone Profile Data Obtained by Ground-Based Microwave Radiometry

Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER): Instrument and Science Measurement Description

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