Relation of pandemics with solar cycles through ozone, cloud seeds, and vitamin D

Abstract

The global records of infectious diseases, including Western and Eastern documents from 1825 to 2020, during which sunspot observations are considered reliable, show that 27 of the 34 pandemic outbreaks were coincident with sunspot number maxima or minima. There is evidence that the intensity of galactic cosmic rays is anti-correlated with solar activity and that cloud seed formation is accelerated by galactic cosmic rays. There are a substantial number of research papers showing the relationship between COVID-19 and vitamin D deficiency. The data analysis of ozone thickness measured based on NASA satellite observations revealed that ozone thickness has 11-year and 28-month cycles. Because the 11-year cycles of ozone thickness and cloud seed attenuation are anti-correlated, when either one becomes extremely thick, such as at the maximum or minimum point of solar activity, UV radiation is over-attenuated, and human vitamin D deficiency is globally increased. This finding explains the coincidence of pandemic outbreaks with the extrema of the sunspot numbers. Vitamin D supplementation can be an effective countermeasure against the spread of infectious diseases, which is a paramount importance to global society. Future pandemic forecasting should include the 11-year and 28-month cycles of UV radiation. This founding completes the relationship between solar activity and human health through the earth’s environment.

The Variability of Vitamin D Concentrations in Short Children with Short Stature from Central Poland—The Effects of Insolation, Supplementation, and COVID-19 Pandemic Isolation

“…In the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, very recent studies concerning the relationships between solar activity or solar cycles and epidemics seem to be especially interesting [ 42 , 43 , 44 ]. The direct effects of weather variables on SARS-CoV-2 transmission have also been confirmed in studies conducted in different countries [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”

“…Even in Brazil, which is a tropical country in which the pandemic onset was during the summer, high solar radiation presented to be the most important climatic factor suppressing the spread of COVID-19 [ 50 ]. There are also suggestions that vitamin D may be the link between these phenomena [ 43 ]. This hypothesis may be supported to some extent by a very recent observation of Polish authors that the risk of COVID-19 infection was increased in subjects with severe 25(OH)D deficiency (below 12 ng/mL) [ 51 ].…”