Investigation of the plasma electrolytic oxidation mechanism of titanium

Mortazavi, Golsa; Jiang, Jiechao; Meletis, Efstathios I.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.05.250

Cited by 99 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…It should be noted that anatase is the predominant phase in the compact layer for all investigated samples. Previous studies confirm our conclusion that the thin compact layer is composed of nanocrystalline anatase [8,24]. The dense compact layer likely evolves from a temperature gradient [9].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In recent studies on PEO for medical applications, electrolytes with phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) have been frequently used, and oxide layers of comparable porosity and thickness can be formed [8][9][10]. Anatase is the dominant phase in these layers, and rutile is almost non-existent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting constant current offers a simple method of treating and evaluating samples for a systematic PEO study. For instance, it can be split into several contributions and classified into ionic and electronic currents [8,11]. The ionic current reflects the migration of ions in the oxide layer and is the driving force in conventional anodic oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Titanium in H2SO4–H3PO4 Mixtures

Engelkamp

Fischer²,

Schierbaum

2020

Coatings

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Oxide layers on titanium foils were produced by galvanostatically controlled plasma electrolytic oxidation in 12.9 M sulfuric acid with small amounts of phosphoric acid added up to a 3% mole fraction. In pure sulfuric acid, the oxide layer is distinctly modified by plasma discharges. As the time of the process increases, rough surfaces with typical circular pores evolve. The predominant crystal phase of the titanium dioxide material is rutile. With the addition of phosphoric acid, discharge effects become less pronounced, and the predominant crystal phase changes to anatase. Furthermore, the oxide layer thickness and mass gain both increase. Already small amounts of phosphoric acid induce these effects. Our findings suggest that anions of phosphoric acid preferentially adsorb to the anodic area and suppress plasma discharges, and conventional anodization is promoted. The process was systematically investigated at different stages, and voltage and oxide formation efficiency were determined. Oxide surfaces and their cross-sections were studied by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The phase composition was determined by X-ray diffraction and confocal Raman microscopy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Titanium in H2SO4–H3PO4 Mixtures

Engelkamp

Fischer²,

Schierbaum

2020

Coatings

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“…Here, sparks became larger and more intense, which corresponds with the increase in the charge transfer resistance. This behavior is also confirmed by work of Mortazavi et al [24].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Study of the Effect of Current Pulse Frequency on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Coating Formation by Micro Arc Oxidation

2019

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The micro arc oxidation (MAO) process has been applied to produce ceramic oxide coating on Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The MAO process was carried out at the symmetric bipolar square pulse in electrolyte containing Na2CO3 and Na2SiO3. The effect of current frequency on the surface morphology, the chemical and the phase compositions as well as the corrosion resistance was examined. Morphology and cross-sectional investigation by electron microscopy evaluated more compacted and less porous coating produced by high current frequency (1000 Hz). This alloy also exhibited a high corrosion resistance in comparison with the untreated alloy. Additionally, the alloy subjected to MAO treatment by a current frequency of 1000 Hz showed a higher corrosion resistance in comparison with alloys obtained by lower current frequencies. This behavior was attributed to more compacted and less porous morphology of the coating.

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“…In this regard, considerable attention is currently being paid to methods for forming coatings containing calcium phosphate compounds [12,[23][24][25]. Among these methods, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) can be distinguished, which allows one, due to varying the electrolyte composition and formation modes, to significantly change the composition and structure of the synthesized surface layer [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Thus, Ahounbar et al formed biocompatible coatings on titanium scaffolds using calcium acetate and trisodium phosphate electrolytes [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Coatings Formed on Titanium by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation: Composition and Properties

et al. 2020

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Bioactive coatings on VT1-0 commercially pure titanium were formed by the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). A study of the morphological features of coatings was carried out using scanning electron microscopy. A composition of formed coatings was investigated using energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry analysis. It was shown that PEO-coatings have calcium phosphate in their composition, which increases the bioactivity of the surface layer. Electrochemical properties of the samples were studied by potentiondynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in different physiological media: simulated body fluid and minimum essential medium. The data of electrochemical studies indicate more than 15 times decrease in the corrosion current density for the sample with coating (5.0 × 10−9 A/cm2) as compared to the bare titanium (7.7 × 10−8 A/cm2). The formed PEO-layers have elastoplastic properties close to human bone (12–30 GPa) and a lower friction coefficient in comparison with bare metal. The wettability of PEO-layers increased. The contact angle for formed coatings reduced by more than 60° in comparison with bare metal (from 73° for titanium to 8° for PEO-coating). Such an increase in surface hydrophilicity contributes to the greater biocompatibility of the formed coating in comparison with commercially pure titanium. PEO can be prospective as a method for improving titanium surface bioactivity.

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Investigation of the plasma electrolytic oxidation mechanism of titanium

Cited by 99 publications

References 48 publications

Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Titanium in H2SO4–H3PO4 Mixtures

Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Titanium in H2SO4–H3PO4 Mixtures

Study of the Effect of Current Pulse Frequency on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Coating Formation by Micro Arc Oxidation

Bioactive Coatings Formed on Titanium by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation: Composition and Properties

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