Investigation of the flammability of different textile fabrics using micro-scale combustion calorimetry

Brown cotton fibers (SA-1 and MC-BL) studied were inferior to a white cotton fiber (SureGrow 747) in fiber quality, i.e., a shorter length, fewer twists, and lower crystallinity, but showed superior thermal resistance in thermogravimetric, differential thermogravimetric, and microscale combustion calorimetric (MCC) analyses. Brown cotton fibers yielded 11-23 % smaller total heat release and 20-40 % greater char. Washing fibers in water and a 1 % NaOH solution showed that rich natural inorganic components and the condensed tannins present in brown cotton are responsible for the unusual thermal property. The loss of inorganics from white cotton during a water wash increased the thermal decomposition temperature of cellulose, resulting in no char yield.However, the stronger binding of metal ions for brown cotton as well as its dominant adsorption of sodium ions after a 1 % NaOH wash facilitated the lowtemperature thermal-reaction route; the sodium content showed a significant negative correlation with the heat release capacity of the fiber. Condensed tannins greatly enhanced the adsorption of sodium ions to the fiber and exhibited inherent thermal stability. The limiting oxygen indices (LOI) calculated from the MCC parameters indicated the slower burning characteristic of brown cotton, and its LOI was further increased upon adsorption of sodium ions.

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“…Limiting oxygen index (LOI) was estimated from the MCC parameters using the following equation (Lyon et al 2007b;Yang et al 2010):…”

Section: MCCmentioning

confidence: 99%

High resistance to thermal decomposition in brown cotton is linked to tannins and sodium content

et al. 2016

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“…[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] As an alternative, some authors indicate the use of adifferent vertical test developed and set up by Mostashari et al [29][30][31][32] (ASTM D1230-94). With the introduction of such a sophisticated calorimetric instrumentation for testing polymers as the cone calorimeter based on oxygen consumption, the measure of the main combustion parameters [time to ignition (TTI), total heat release and heat release rate (HRR), and corresponding peak] has become feasible 7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][33][34][35][36] , thus allowing to complete the characterization of the combustion behavior for the textile substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal properties and combustion behavior of POSS‐ and bohemite‐finished cotton fabrics

Alongi

Brancatelli²,

Rosace

2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A finishing process with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and bohemite nanoparticles has been exploited for enhancing the thermal stability and flame retardancy of cotton fabrics. The thermal behavior of flame retardant treated cellulosic fabric has been studied by thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs). It has been found that such nanoparticles favor the carbonization of the cellulose and slow down the kinetics of thermo-oxidation in air. At the same time, the finished fabrics have turned out to be more efficient with respect to neat cotton as far as the flame retardancy is concerned, pointing out an increase of the time to ignition (TTI) and a decrease of the heat release rate (HRR). Furthermore, a comparison between the fire performances of the nanoparticles under study and a commercial phosphorus-based flame retardant has been investigated. The morphology and elemental composition present in the treated fabrics have been also investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and the results have been compared with the untreated fabric.

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“…The information provided by DSC is limited to the heat flow of sample degradation at high temperatures. To obtain the required information of heat generation by the combustion of the decomposition of products, testing methods such as TGA and DSC are generally insufficient to measure the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics (Yang et al 2010(Yang et al , 2011. However, from the pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter (PCFC) of the previous study, an increase of 51% was observed in total heat release (THR) [kJ/g] values during the combustion of FR cotton textiles after the degradation of flame retardant species from the fabric (Yasin et al 2016a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Alternative for the End-of-life Phase of Flame Retardant Textile Products: Degradation of Flame Retardant and Preliminary Settings of Energy Valorization by Gasification

Yasin¹,

Curti²,

Rovero³

et al. 2017

BioResources

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Investigation of the flammability of different textile fabrics using micro-scale combustion calorimetry

Cited by 188 publications

References 10 publications

High resistance to thermal decomposition in brown cotton is linked to tannins and sodium content

High resistance to thermal decomposition in brown cotton is linked to tannins and sodium content

Thermal properties and combustion behavior of POSS‐ and bohemite‐finished cotton fabrics

An Alternative for the End-of-life Phase of Flame Retardant Textile Products: Degradation of Flame Retardant and Preliminary Settings of Energy Valorization by Gasification

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