Investigation of the Electrode Erosion in Pin-to-Liquid Discharges and Its Influence on Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Plasma-Activated Water

Corella‐Puertas, Elena; Dzafic, Adna; Coulombe, Sylvain

doi:10.1007/s11090-019-10036-3

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Such discrepancy may be attributed to the nature of species produced by the discharges. Indeed, discharges sustained in water produce highly reactive species (O, OH, H 2 O 2 , etc) that may promote electrode erosion through chemical reaction [34][35][36], in addition to the phenomena aforementioned. Moreover, the discharge lifetime in water is relatively longer than that in heptane (emission of light observed during ∼800 ns in water and ∼500 ns in liquid hydrocarbons; results not shown here).…”

Section: Discharge Probabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical analysis of pulsed discharges in dielectric liquid: effects of voltage amplitude, pulse width, electrode configuration, and liquid composition

Bourbeau¹,

Dorval²,

Valensi³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Discharge in dielectric liquid is an active field of research involved in many technological applications. Such multiple discharges are often applied during an experiment and that the electrode and liquid are altered by these stochastically behaving discharges. Therefore, it is important to address the variation of discharge characteristics as a function of discharge occurrence. In this study we analyze the electrical characteristics of multiple discharges run at low repetition rate (5 Hz) in a liquid of known initial composition using an electrode with a specific geometry. The discharges are run continuously until they fail to occur due to the increase in gap distance, and the recorded voltage and current waveforms are processed using an algorithm in order to determine the probability of discharge occurrence, breakdown voltage, discharge current, and discharge delay. The injected charge and energy of each discharge are also calculated. Furthermore, the effects of applied voltage, pulse width, electrode configuration, and liquid composition on the characteristics of the discharge are investigated. The obtained results demonstrate that the highest and lowest numbers of occurred discharges are achieved using the plate-to-plate and pin-to-pin configurations, respectively. Moreover, the composition of the liquid has an appreciable effect on the discharge current, as well as on electrode erosion. For discharges in water and cyclohexane, we measured the lowest and highest current, respectively. As for the erosion rate, it was comparable for the three liquid hydrocarbons but relatively smaller than that in water. The plot of breakdown voltage as a function of discharge current varies depending on the discharge parameters and displays regions that may be linked to the ignition mechanisms. The original data reported herein is of great significance for various applications that utilize repetitive discharges in liquid.

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Section: Discharge Probabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical analysis of pulsed discharges in dielectric liquid: effects of voltage amplitude, pulse width, electrode configuration, and liquid composition

Bourbeau¹,

Dorval²,

Valensi³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Stainless steel (SS) rod, tapered at the end with a 1 mm tip radius, served as one electrode and is considered one of the least erosion materials compared with copper. [ 35 ] The SS container was made with the second electrode of the water/liquid column, and a spark discharge between the free water surface and the SS rod was struck, exposing the water directly to the plasma. The plasma arc length was kept constant at 5 mm by adjusting the SS rod position above the water surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of neutral pH high‐strength plasma‐activated water from a pin to water discharge and its bactericidal activity on multidrug‐resistant pathogens

Punith

Singh

Ananthanarasimhan

et al. 2022

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Plasma‐activated water (PAW) is emerging as a green alternative technology in biomedicine due to its rich and diverse aqueous reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RONS). This study explores how to configure a pin to water (P2W) discharge to generate neutral pH high‐strength plasma‐activated water (hs‐PAW) and its bactericidal activity on hypervirulent multidrug resistance (MDR) pathogens. The factors affecting the strength of PAW, namely: water type, PAW temperature, plasma enclosure, and activation time, were studied and optimized to generate hs‐PAW having 650 ± 40 mg/l of NO 2 − ${\mathrm{NO}}_{2}^{-}$ and 215 ± 15 mg/l of H2O2 at a pH of 7. This study demonstrates a simple P2W discharge set up to handle the MDR pathogens and can be easily scalable for real‐world medical applications.

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“…Generating an air pin-to-liquid discharge requires a pin as a high-voltage electrode positioned above the surface of the water and a ground electrode submerged in water as shown in Figure 1. The pin electrode can be made of metals, such as hafnium, copper, and stainless steel (Puertas et al, 2019). Yoon et al (2018) studied the correlation between NTP and the gap distance during the generation of PAW via the pin-to-liquid discharge.…”

Section: Pin-to-liquid Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ng et al (2021) indicated that the position of the ground electrode altered the chemistry of PAW, proving that having the ground electrode placed in the liquid produced high concentrations of NO − 2 and NO − 3 with undetected H 2 O 2 concentration while having the ground electrode positioned beneath the liquid container generated high concentrations of H 2 O 2 and NO − 3 with undetected NO − 2 concentration. It should be noted that the pin electrode might undergo electrode erosion because of evaporation, oxidation, melting, and sputtering (Puertas et al, 2019).…”

Section: Pin-to-liquid Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2021) indicated that the position of the ground electrode altered the chemistry of PAW, proving that having the ground electrode placed in the liquid produced high concentrations of

{\mathrm{NO}}_2^ -

and

{\mathrm{NO}}_3^ -

with undetected H 2 O 2 concentration while having the ground electrode positioned beneath the liquid container generated high concentrations of H 2 O 2 and

{\mathrm{NO}}_3^ -

with undetected

{\mathrm{NO}}_2^ -

concentration. It should be noted that the pin electrode might undergo electrode erosion because of evaporation, oxidation, melting, and sputtering (Puertas et al., 2019). When the initial liquid electric conductivity for the pin‐to‐liquid discharge increased, the concentrations of

{\mathrm{NO}}_2^ -

and

{\mathrm{NO}}_3^ -

increased (Hadinoto et al., 2021).…”

Section: Generation Of Pawmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review on plasma‐activated water and its application in the meat industry

Hadinoto,

Niemira,

Trujillo

2023

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Meat is a nutritious food with a short shelf life, making it challenging to ensure safety, quality, and nutritional value. Foodborne pathogens and oxidation are the main concerns that lead to health risks and economic losses. Conventional approaches like hot water, steam pasteurization, and chemical washes for meat decontamination improve safety but cause nutritional and quality issues. Plasma‐activated water (PAW) is a potential alternative to thermal treatment that can reduce oxidation and microbial growth, an essential factor in ensuring safety, quality, and nutritional value. This review explores the different types of PAW and their physiochemical properties. It also outlines the reaction pathways involved in the generation of short‐lived and long‐lived reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RONS) in PAW, which contribute to its antimicrobial abilities. The review also highlights current studies on PAW inactivation against various planktonic bacteria, as well as critical processing parameters that can improve PAW inactivation efficacy. Promising applications of PAW for meat curing, thawing, and decontamination are discussed, with emphasis on the need to understand how RONS in PAW affect meat quality. Recent reports on combining PAW with ultrasound, mild heating, and non‐thermal plasma to improve inactivation efficacy are also presented. Finally, the need to develop energy‐efficient systems for the production and scalability of PAW is discussed for its use as a potential meat disinfectant without compromising meat quality.

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Investigation of the Electrode Erosion in Pin-to-Liquid Discharges and Its Influence on Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Plasma-Activated Water

Cited by 27 publications

References 60 publications

Statistical analysis of pulsed discharges in dielectric liquid: effects of voltage amplitude, pulse width, electrode configuration, and liquid composition

Statistical analysis of pulsed discharges in dielectric liquid: effects of voltage amplitude, pulse width, electrode configuration, and liquid composition

Generation of neutral pH high‐strength plasma‐activated water from a pin to water discharge and its bactericidal activity on multidrug‐resistant pathogens

A review on plasma‐activated water and its application in the meat industry

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