Plasma‐activated water (PAW) is emerging as a green alternative technology in biomedicine due to its rich and diverse aqueous reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RONS). This study explores how to configure a pin to water (P2W) discharge to generate neutral pH high‐strength plasma‐activated water (hs‐PAW) and its bactericidal activity on hypervirulent multidrug resistance (MDR) pathogens. The factors affecting the strength of PAW, namely: water type, PAW temperature, plasma enclosure, and activation time, were studied and optimized to generate hs‐PAW having 650 ± 40 mg/l of
NO
2
− ${\mathrm{NO}}_{2}^{-}$ and 215 ± 15 mg/l of H2O2 at a pH of 7. This study demonstrates a simple P2W discharge set up to handle the MDR pathogens and can be easily scalable for real‐world medical applications.
Non-thermal plasma (NTP) due to their versatile nature have been successfully used in many applications ranging from hydrocarbon destruction to cancer treatment. The NTPs, can deliver high electron temperatures and high densities of radicals at near ambient conditions making it a unique source for applications ranging from treatment of extremely heat sensitive surfaces to complex chemical reactions which are feasible only at low temperatures. This work presents some of the recent understandings on how various NTP reactors can be designed and characterized for various applications. The results obtained from a pin-to-water plasma discharge system, in generating plasma activated water for agricultural applications are discussed. The application of NTPs in hydrocarbon reforming to obtain a tar-free gas from a waste to energy thermo-chemical process is discussed. The results of selective killing of cancer cells using a DBD is presented. Also, application of NTPs in wastewater treatment systems to treat household chemical products are presented.
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