Investigation of the Effects of Anisotropic Flow of Pore Water and Multilayered Soils on Three-Dimensional Consolidation Characteristics

Abstract

Many practical engineering problems are seriously different from the assumptions which are considered for one-dimensional consolidation test and need to concentrate on three-dimensional consolidation of soil under different boundary conditions. In this study three-dimensional consolidation tests are performed with four different anisotropic flow conditions of pore water and fifteen different combinations of horizontal layered soils. Twelve different three-dimensional consolidation tests are also performed with different soils, surrounded by anisotropic vertical soil layers on two opposite sides. From these studies, it is observed that the anisotropic flow of pore water does not have any effect on initial and final surface settlement of soil but has a significant effect during the consolidation process. The anisotropic flow of pore water during the consolidation process has an immense effect on the coefficient of consolidation. Horizontal layered soil has a great effect on both surface settlement and the rate of settlement. Vertical soil layers on two opposite sides of consolidative soil have an immense effect on the horizontal movements of consolidating soil, finally affecting the resultant vertical settlement of soil. Vertical anisotropic surrounding soil layers also have an effect on the rate of consolidation settlement.

Study on the Detection of Soil Water Content Based on the Pulsed Acoustic Wave (PAW) Method

“…Free-water can move through the soil pores due to gravitational forces. Furthermore, hydrodynamic pressure increases soil porosity [44]; soil pores are occupied by air, and therefore, soil porosity affects acoustic velocity during transmission. Thus, it can be concluded that acoustic velocity decreases with an increase in soil water content.…”

Effect of Vertical Pressure on Horizontal and Vertical Permeability of Soil and Effect of Surcharge Pressure on 3D Consolidation of Soil

“…Figure 3 shows the three-dimensional consolidation apparatus along with di erent parts of it. is apparatus is the extension of the apparatus developed by Laskar and Pal [17].…”

“…"Taylor's square root of time fitting method" is used to find out the c v values for the three-dimensional cases [17]. In case of the three-dimensional consolidation, the coefficient of consolidation is calculated by using the equation c v � (T v ) 90 R 2 /t 90 for silty sand with clay soil and silty-clay soil of Agartala, Tripura, India.…”

“…In this study, three-dimensional consolidation tests are performed by using the three-dimensional consolidation apparatus as shown in Figure 3, which is the extension of the 3D consolidation apparatus presented by Laskar and Pal [17]. Silty sand with clay soil and silty-clay soil are used in the test.…”

“…In all of the past investigations, the evaluation technique of three-dimensional consolidation was analytical or numerical based, and assumptions are not as replicating to the field conditions. Laskar and Pal developed an experimental solution for three-dimensional consolidation problems, which can replicate the in situ settlement of shallow footing, but the effects of surcharge pressures on three-dimensional consolidation of soil have not been discussed [17]. Hence, it is important to evaluate the effects of surcharge pressures on three-dimensional consolidation of soil.…”