Investigation of the chemical composition of red pigments and binding media

Čiuladienė, Aušra; Luckutė, Austėja; Kiuberis, Jonas; Kareiva, Aivaras

doi:10.6001/chemija.v29i4.3840

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Figure 5a shows the XRD spectra for the red ochre before and after calcination. The characteristic peaks including haematite 19 , calcite 20 , quartz 21 , and Al2Si2O5(OH)4 22 exist in the XRD spectra. After calcination, the characteristic peaks of α-Fe 2 O 3 do not change 23 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the decrease in the peak at 1432 cm −1 (the vibrations in ionic carbonate) is related to the decomposition of CaCO 3 . It appears at different wavenumbers, including at 1432 cm −1 (the vibrations in ionic carbonate), at 1030 cm −1 (asymmetric stretching of Si–O–Si), at 913 cm −1 (Si–O stretching band), and at 795 cm −1 (vibrations of Si–O–Al 22 ). The above sets of peaks are due to the presence of calcite 20 , quartz 21 , and Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 22 in the red ochre.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It appears at different wavenumbers, including at 1432 cm −1 (the vibrations in ionic carbonate), at 1030 cm −1 (asymmetric stretching of Si–O–Si), at 913 cm −1 (Si–O stretching band), and at 795 cm −1 (vibrations of Si–O–Al 22 ). The above sets of peaks are due to the presence of calcite 20 , quartz 21 , and Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 22 in the red ochre. These results agree with the XRD results shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blurring of ancient wall paintings caused by binder decay in the pigment layer

Zheng

Wang

Shen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In this paper, the effect of binder decay rather than a change in the pigments on the blurring of ancient wall paintings was researched. The simulated wall paintings were prepared by brushing an aqueous solution containing gelatine and ochre grains on the surface of cylindrical compressed soil samples. Then, the dried samples were calcined at 650 °C for 2 h to obtain the simulated wall paintings with the degraded binder gelatine. Next, the calcined samples were brushed with a certain amount of acetone solution containing an ionic liquid ([BMIm]PF6) to obtain the corresponding repaired samples. Based on the results from various characterization methods (UV–vis, FTIR, XRD, XPS, SEM, TG), the following conclusions were drawn. The degradation of the binder caused by calcination increases the surface roughness of the painting layer, resulting in enhanced scattering. In this case, because scattering decrease the light absorption by the pigments, even if unchanged pigment exists in the painting layer, its colour can become blurred. The filling of the ionic liquid into the pores caused by gelatine decay in the painting layer can decrease the scattering, and the blurred colour can be restored to some extent. As typical examples, this principle was successfully applied to restore the blurred colour of an ancient Chinese wall painting (Tang Dynasty) and a pottery (Eastern Han Dynasty).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blurring of ancient wall paintings caused by binder decay in the pigment layer

Zheng

Wang

Shen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…These samples were characterized at first by XRD, SEM/EDX, FTIR and TG/DTG/DSC analy sis. The results of this characterization are already published elsewhere [16].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Therefore, noninvasive analytical techniques have not fully satisfied features and cannot be used as a selfconsistent analytical tool. The optimal strate gy to recognize colourants and other additives used in miniatures or rubrics should, therefore, provide for a multitechnique approach [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From model to artefact: Versatile characterization of cinnabar, red lead and realgar red paints for rubrics and miniatures

Čiuladienė¹,

Kareiva²,

Raudonis³

2020

chemija

Self Cite

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This study focuses on the characterization of cinnabar, red lead and realgar paints, since the red colour was very often used for the illuminations and rubrics of medieval manuscript. The commercial pigments (cinnabar (HgS), red lead (Pb3O4), realgar (As4S4)) and binding media (gum Arabic, fish and parchment glue) were used for the preparation of analogous to historical paints. This work is on-going and at this stage, the resulting red paint samples were analysed to create a short data library that could be used to describe the various red paints and their compositions. The obtained paints were characterized before and after accelerated aging using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal (TG/DSC) analysis techniques. These results of versatile characterization are useful to develop red paint guidelines for the storage and how they affect current and future conservation of these objects.

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A comprehensive archaeometric research on Roman ceramics of Sinop (Black Sea)

Bayazit,

Akyol,

Arıyürek

2023

X-Ray Spectrometry

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A multi analytical approach was applied to Roman ceramics excavated from the city center and the Church‐Necropolis area in Kılıçlı plateau (Boyabat) in Sinop/Black Sea, Turkey. The samples were exposed to various characterization methods including spectroscopic, microscopic and thermal techniques. The relatively high amounts of CaO suggested use of calcareous clay batches for most of the Gülümoğlu Roman (GR) and Boyabat Roman (BR) potsherds. The hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two main groups excluding GR‐7. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) pointed out two sub‐groups for the BR samples, and GR‐7 was out of the groups. The statistical approach suggested two different raw materials for GR and BR pottery which could be assigned to use of local raw materials for each settlement. The sub‐groups in BR samples and the clear distinction of GR‐7 also pointed out diverse clay sources would have been used in pottery production. The mineralogical components of the potsherds indicated a firing temperature range of 900°C in average. A comparison of the chemical and mineralogical compositions of the potsherds with the former works proposed that most of the samples show similarities with some of the formerly investigated ceramic groups of Hellenistic and Roman periods in Sinop. Considering the whole data, the Roman potsherds in the present study are thought to represent the local wares of Sinop and they might have been manufactured in one of the pottery ateliers located on the coastline in the south of Sinop peninsula.

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Investigation of the chemical composition of red pigments and binding media

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

Blurring of ancient wall paintings caused by binder decay in the pigment layer

Blurring of ancient wall paintings caused by binder decay in the pigment layer

From model to artefact: Versatile characterization of cinnabar, red lead and realgar red paints for rubrics and miniatures

A comprehensive archaeometric research on Roman ceramics of Sinop (Black Sea)

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