Investigation of the atomic-scale hysteresis in NC-AFM using atomistic dynamics

Pishkenari, Hossein Nejat; Meghdari, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.physe.2010.03.030

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The major physical characteristic of the many-body potential is that the bonds become weaker when the local environment becomes more condensed [28][29] . We have used a multi-body long-range potential proposed by Sutton and Chen 30 , which has been extensively applied in physical investigations of FCC metals 14,15,22,26 . The SC potential was created for the explanation of the energetics of the ten FCC elemental metals.…”

Section: Simulation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach has been utilized in modeling of interfacial processes such as friction, tribology, indentation, adhesion and manipulation [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] at the nano-scale. Recently, some research has been devoted to modeling the tip-sample interaction in the imaging process by molecular dynamics [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] .A special focus of our paper aimed at investigating the temperature dependency of the interaction force is to reveal its effect on the NC-AFM imaging. It must be noted that such information is available only from atomistic simulations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Temperature Dependence Study of Noncontact Afm Images Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Pishkenari

Meghdari

2012

Int. J. Mod. Phys. Conf. Ser.

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The effect of temperature on the noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) surface imaging is investigated with the aid of molecular dynamics (MD) analysis based on the Sutton-Chen (SC) interatomic potential. Particular attention is devoted to the tip and sample flexibility at different temperatures. When a gold coated probe is brought close to the Au (001) surface at high temperatures, the tip and surface atoms are pulled together and their distance becomes smaller. The tip and sample atoms displacement varies in the different environment temperatures and this leads to the different interaction forces. Along this line, to study the effect of temperature on the resulting images, we have employed the well-known NC-AFM model and carried out realistic nonequilibrium MD 3D simulations of atomic scale imaging at different close approach positions to the surface.The environmental conditions such as moisture and temperature can have significant effects on NC-AFM images. In many applications, the fluid contaminant layer is considerably thicker than the range of the tip-sample interaction force gradient, and consequently attempts to image the true surface with NC-AFM fail. On the other hand, the environment temperature directly affects the interaction force, hysteresis, dissipated energy, and the cantilever bending (because of different top and bottom faces), and therefore it has a significant influence on the NC-AFM images. Tang et al. 4 investigated the effect of temperature and relative humidity on the patterning of a ferroelectric polymer poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluorethylene) onto a gold substrate via dip-pen nanolithography (DPN). Recently, Roll et al. 5 reported measurements of the temperature dependence of dissipation in NC-AFM on a sample system of molecular crystallites of PTCDA on KBr. Additionally, Burke and Grutter 6 argued that the dissipation results obtained by Roll and co-authors 5 are often highly influenced by the tip structure, and the single sets of experimental data must be interpreted with caution. In a theoretical research, Trevethan et al. 7 studied the hysteresis as a function of system temperature for the MgO tip above the MgO surface at a specific distance. I another research 8 , they investigated the dependence of the dissipated energy, and the reversibility of a structural change, on the system temperature.Only a few papers can be found in literature dealing with the investigation of temperature effects on the interaction forces. For example, Kang and Kaburagi 9 carried out a theoretical analysis of the temperature effect on the interaction force between a single-atom tip and the substrate. They assumed that the temperature dependency arises from the change in phonon distribution of the substrate, and formulated the exerted force on the tip in terms of the Debye-Waller factor (DWF) within a single phonon process. Next they calculated the exerted force on the tip with several two-body potentials including Gaussian and Morse.As the main challenge of working at the nano-scale, understand...

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Section: Simulation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Temperature Dependence Study of Noncontact Afm Images Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Pishkenari

Meghdari

2012

Int. J. Mod. Phys. Conf. Ser.

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“…where ܵ ଵଵ , ܵ ଵଶ and ܵ ସସ are elastic compliances, ݈, ݉ and ݊ are the directional cosines, the Ω ଵଶ is a function of the directional cosines which is given in [22] and ‫ܧ‬ and ‫ܩ‬ are the Young's and shear modulus, respectively. Using the published data on the bulk stiffness coefficients ‫ܥ(‬ ଵଵ , ‫ܥ‬ ଵଶ , ‫ܥ‬ ସସ ) by using the SW potential [24], and considering the definition of compliance matrix (ሾSሿ = ሾCሿ ିଵ ), ‫ܧ‬ and ‫ܩ‬ for the bulk silicon calculated for ሾ100ሿ, ሾ110ሿ and ሾ111ሿ lattice directions and presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Classical Beam Theories With Surface Elasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface elasticity and size effect on the vibrational behavior of silicon nanoresonators

Pishkenari

Afsharmanesh

Akbari

2015

Current Applied Physics

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“…Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations [ 1 ] with material specific interatomic potentials are computationally less demanding. They can take the finite frequency of the approach and retraction of the tip into account [ 20 – 21 ] and have also been applied to torsional cantilever oscillations, where the tip moves parallel to the sample surface [ 6 ]. In these simulations the tip motion is represented in a parametric way, e.g., by prescribing a sinusoidal trajectory normal or parallel to the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is not feasible to include the full extent of an AFM cantilever nor that of a substrate within an atomistic simulation. As in previous studies [ 1 , 6 , 20 – 22 ] the simulation must be restricted to a small volume around the crucial region of interaction between the tip and the substrate. This is sketched in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled molecular and cantilever dynamics model for frequency-modulated atomic force microscopy

Klocke

Wolf

2016

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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SummaryA molecular dynamics model is presented, which adds harmonic potentials to the atomic interactions to mimic the elastic properties of an AFM cantilever. It gives new insight into the correlation between the experimentally monitored frequency shift and cantilever damping due to the interaction between tip atoms and scanned surface. Applying the model to ionic crystals with rock salt structure two damping mechanisms are investigated, which occur separately or simultaneously depending on the tip position. These mechanisms are adhesion hysteresis on the one hand and lateral excitations of the cantilever on the other. We find that the short range Lennard-Jones part of the atomic interaction alone is sufficient for changing the predominant mechanism. When the long range ionic interaction is switched off, the two damping mechanisms occur with a completely different pattern, which is explained by the energy landscape for the apex atom of the tip. In this case the adhesion hysteresis is always associated with a distinct lateral displacement of the tip. It is shown how this may lead to a systematic shift between the periodic patterns obtained from the frequency and from the damping signal, respectively.

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Investigation of the atomic-scale hysteresis in NC-AFM using atomistic dynamics

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Temperature Dependence Study of Noncontact Afm Images Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Temperature Dependence Study of Noncontact Afm Images Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Surface elasticity and size effect on the vibrational behavior of silicon nanoresonators

Coupled molecular and cantilever dynamics model for frequency-modulated atomic force microscopy

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