Investigation of the abnormal low-density lipoproteins occurring in patients with obstructive jaundice

Kostner, Gerhard M.; Laggner, Peter; Prexl, H J; Holasek, A.

doi:10.1042/bj1570401

Cited by 63 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Fig. 4 demonstrates that all fractions contained both albumin, typical of contamination by LpX, and apoE (42), the values of which increased from lower to higher densities. Up to 72% of the total protein content within fractions 1-4 was apoB (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase for lipoprotein (a) assembly. Structural integrity of low density lipoproteins is a prerequisite for Lp(a) formation in human plasma.

Steyrer¹,

Durovic²,

Frank³

et al. 1994

J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase for lipoprotein (a) assembly. Structural integrity of low density lipoproteins is a prerequisite for Lp(a) formation in human plasma.

Steyrer¹,

Durovic²,

Frank³

et al. 1994

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…For example, TG enrichments in LDL2 and HDL4 were observed except for HDL4 in CETP deficiency. In the samples of LCAT deficiency and PBC, the data of LDL2, which is known to be TG-rich and spherical, so-called Lp Y 85 , were also within the range of the regression equation 1 . However, the data of their VLDL4 and HDL4 fell far out of the range of the regression equation 1 , perhaps because of the presence of substantial amounts of non-spherical particles, such as liposomelike particles, Lp X 85 87 , or discoidal particles 88,89 .…”

Section: The Definition Of Lipoprotein Subclasses In the Liposearch Smentioning

confidence: 89%

Recent Advances in Analytical Methods on Lipoprotein Subclasses: Calculation of Particle Numbers from Lipid Levels by Gel Permeation HPLC Using “Spherical Particle Model”

Okazaki

Yamashita

2016

J. Oleo Sci.

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“…Several other abnormal plasma lipoproteins have also been reported in patients with cholestasis (8,(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

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confidence: 99%

Secretion of lipoprotein-X by perfused livers of rats with cholestasis.

Felker¹,

Hamilton²,

Havel³

1978

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The major abnormal plasma lipoprotein of cholestasis (LP-X) was isolated from bFood plasma and from perfusates of isolated livers of rats with biliary obstruction. In both cases LP-X was composed mainly of about equimolar parts of phospholipids and unesterified cholesterol; the small protein component was primarily the arginine-rich apolipoprotein. By electron microscopy, LP-X appeared as a unilamellar liposome (690 A mean diameter, range 400-1000 A) with the trilaminar staining image typical of phospholipid bilayers.Extensive block staining of cholestatic livers for 48 hr with warmed uranyl acetate (370) permitted the visualization of vesicles indistinguishable from LP-X within hepatic parenchyma. These trilaminar-staining vesicles occurred predominantly within bile canaliculi. They also were seen in nearby cytoplasmic vacuoles or invaginations between hepatocytes and in the space of Disse. Similar vesicles were not seen in the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi cisternae. These observations raise the possibility that the vesicles are formed within bile canaliculi and are transported from the canaliculi to the space of Disse within pinocytotic vacuoles. Cholestasis may be defined as the interruption of bile flow from the biliary passages of the liver with consequent appearance of biliary constituents in blood plasma. In humans, prolonged obstruction to bile flow causes a progressive and often equimolar rise in plasma unesterified cholesterol and phospholipid (1-4). This unique hyperlipidemia results largely from the accumulation in plasma of a major abnormal lipoprotein that is separated with normal low density lipoproteins (LDL) by ultracentrifugation. This abnormal lipoprotein, which differs greatly in lipid and protein composition from normal LDL, is commonly called LP-X (3,5). Most normal plasma lipoproteins are pseudomicellar (6) with a core of relatively nonpolar triglycerides and cholesteryl esters covered by a monomolecular surface of phospholipids, unesterified cholesterol, and apoproteins, whereas LP-X is largely a unilamellar liposome of about 400-700 A diameter (4, 7-9). It probably exists in vivo as a bilayer vesicle of equimolar phospholipids and unesterified cholesterol containing small amounts of plasma proteins (mainly albumin) in its internal aqueous compartment together with some apolipoproteins adsorbed on its surface (4,6,8,9). Several other abnormal plasma lipoproteins have also been reported in patients with cholestasis (8, 10-13).The origin of LP-X is unknown, although it is generally assumed to be produced by regurgitation of bile components into the blood (for review, see ref. 14). Recent studies have shown that LP-X occurs in the plasma of animals after surgical interruption of the common bile duct (15)(16)(17)(18) (19)(20)(21). The perfusion medium, which was pumped at a rate of 1 ml min-1 g-1 of liver, was composed of three parts of Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.4, containing 1.5 mg of glucose per ml and 1 part of thrice-washed rat erythrocytes. The bile duct was cannul...

show abstract

Investigation of the abnormal low-density lipoproteins occurring in patients with obstructive jaundice

Cited by 63 publications

References 29 publications

The role of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase for lipoprotein (a) assembly. Structural integrity of low density lipoproteins is a prerequisite for Lp(a) formation in human plasma.

The role of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase for lipoprotein (a) assembly. Structural integrity of low density lipoproteins is a prerequisite for Lp(a) formation in human plasma.

Recent Advances in Analytical Methods on Lipoprotein Subclasses: Calculation of Particle Numbers from Lipid Levels by Gel Permeation HPLC Using “Spherical Particle Model”

Secretion of lipoprotein-X by perfused livers of rats with cholestasis.

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