Investigation of Process Variables in the Densification of  Corn Stover Briquettes

Thoreson, Curtis Peder; Webster, Keith E.; Darr, Matthew J.; Kapler, Emily J.

doi:10.3390/en7064019

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The optimal value, however, is not known. If the moisture content of the compressed material is very low, or very high for that matter, the particles become inconsistently arranged, and the resulting briquette becomes unstable [9,11]. Research and experiments have shown that moisture has an effect on the plasticization of lignin.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavior of Beech Sawdust during Densification into a Solid Biofuel

et al. 2015

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Abstract:In solid biofuel manufacture technological and material variables influence the densification process and thus also the final briquette quality. The impact of these technological variables, especially compression pressure and compression temperature, and also of the material parameters (particle size and moisture content) can generally be observed during biomass densification in the quality indicators, where the abovementioned variables have a significant influence, especially on the mechanical indicators of quality (briquette density, mechanical durability, etc.). This paper presents the results of experimental research dealing with determining the relationship between the technological and the material variables during densification of beech sawdust. The main goal of the paper is to determine the mutual interaction between compression pressure, compression temperature and material particle size. Research findings were obtained using single-axis densification. The influence of the particle size interacting with compression pressure and compression temperature on the final briquette density was determined. The research findings obtained should prove valuable in briquette production and also in the engineering of densification machines.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, a large number of fine particles provide better material densification. The resulting briquette is uniform, of high quality, and displays higher volumetric density [11]. With increasing particle size, the bond strength between particles decreases, causing them to crumble [9].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of Beech Sawdust during Densification into a Solid Biofuel

et al. 2015

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“…Reducing the overall number of bales supplied to a biorefinery impacts all post‐baling operations of the supply chain, as well as reducing the unit handling and transportation requirements. Innovation in baler design capable of applying greater pressure over the extended duration, selecting twine that can restrain bale rebounding, and better operator training can potentially help increase bale density from current baseline value of 167 to 192 kg m −3 , which is within the range reported by different studies 45–48 . With this increment in bale density, the overall average supply‐chain cost, EUR, and GHGE can be reduced by an additional $7.1/t, 0.8% and 4.1 kg‐CO 2 e/t, respectively, which makes it one of the major contributor for cost, energy use and emissions reductions among different supply chain parameters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Near‐term practical strategies to improve the life cycle techno‐economics, energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of corn stover supply system for biobased industries

Shah

Manandhar

Darr

2021

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Corn stover is predominantly used as the feedstock in the cellulosic biorefineries of the Midwestern USA; however, there are several opportunities to improve the performance of its supply chain. Thus, there is a need to optimize the corn stover supply system for the overall sustainability of the corn stover‐based industries. This paper presents three practical strategies that could be implemented in the near term to improve the performance of the corn stover supply chain. The first strategy involves reducing the corn stover collection area, which entails improving producers’ participation through enhanced knowledge transfer related to this industry, improving harvest ratio of biomass, and reducing dry matter loss during biomass handling and storage. The second strategy involves reducing the overall bale supply quantity, which primarily entails increasing bale density. The final suggested strategy involves reducing quantities of in‐field machinery, which is possible through improving the efficiency of field machinery, including windrowers, balers, and stackers, and increasing their harvest durations. By successfully implementing these strategies, the overall cost associated with the supply of corn stover, energy use, and greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced, on an average, by 34–35% from the current average benchmarks of $95.9/metric ton (t), 11% and greenhouse gas emissions is 58.4 kg CO2e/t, respectively. This can contribute toward creating a cost‐effective logistics system that is also environmentally sustainable. This will be critical for the long‐term success of the biorefineries using corn stover as the primary feedstock. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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“…Before performing compaction tests, to prevent hop cones degradation, their moisture content was reduced to 10% [7] by drying in an oven set to 60 • C [24]. The moisture content was selected after review literature that report 10% as the most appropriate moisture level to obtain high quality compacts from different biomass [9][10][11]25].…”

Section: Compacts Production and Specific Compression Energy Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Densification Conditions on Specific Energy Requirements and Physical Properties of Compacts Made from Hop Cone

2018

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Hop cones, due to their essential flavor, are one of the four main ingredients for beer production. The paper reports the results on an investigation of the densification process of hop cones. This experiment investigated (i) the effects of compression pressure in the range of 40 to 80 MPa and pressure application time in the range of 10 to 40 s on the final density and durability of the compacts made from hop cones and ii) the specific compression energy required for the process. The specific compression energy requirements to compact hop cones ranged from 14.20 to 24.48 kJ kg−1. The final compact density values ranged from 515.2 to 876.6 kg m−3, while the durability percentage calculated ranged from 71% to 91%. The obtained results highlighted that compression pressure—in the range of 40–80 MPa—significantly affects the specific compression energy requirements, the final density and the durability of the produced compacts. In this experiment, pressure application time plays a key role in determining compacts density, while did not affect durability and compression energy requirements. Considering the specific compression energy values calculated in this experiment, it can be stated that the pressure agglomeration method described to compact hop cones is more efficient than pelletizing process which is typically characterized by specific energy values ranging from 19 to 90 kJ kg−1.

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Investigation of Process Variables in the Densification of Corn Stover Briquettes

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

Behavior of Beech Sawdust during Densification into a Solid Biofuel

Behavior of Beech Sawdust during Densification into a Solid Biofuel

Near‐term practical strategies to improve the life cycle techno‐economics, energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of corn stover supply system for biobased industries

Effect of Densification Conditions on Specific Energy Requirements and Physical Properties of Compacts Made from Hop Cone

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