Investigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content in fly ash and bottom ash of biomass incineration plants in relation to the operating temperature and unburned carbon content

Košnář, Zdeněk; Mercl, Filip; Perná, Ivana; Tlustoš, Pavel

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.059

Cited by 55 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Kosnar et al [39] found significantly higher levels of PAHs in fly ash than in bottom ash and considerably higher values combusting phytomass (agricultural residues) than dendromass. However, Kosnar et al [39] conclude that PAH concentrations in bottom ash from phytomass still allow the utilization of ash as fertilizer. Fly ash from urban street leaf litter will likely have to be disposed of like the fly ash from other fuels.…”

Section: Relevance Of Pahs In Urban Leaf Litter For Combustionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The concentration of 16 PAHs was 4.4 mg·kg −1 DM in street dust and 13.13 mg·kg −1 DM in tanker effluent [14], indicating that a certain washing effect might take place. PAHs are generally not water-soluble [39]; however, they adhere to soil and dust and thus a mobilization might take place if soil and dust particles are removed from the fuel by rain-or washing water [21]. Ellis and Keyse [21] showed that manual washing could reduce the concentration of Benzo(a)pyrene in leaf litter debris.…”

Section: Hierarchical Clustering Of Pahs In Urban Leaf Littermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Leaf Litter Designated for Combustion

et al. 2017

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Vast amounts of leaf litter have to be disposed of by city administrations. This biomass has the potential for energy conversion, but contamination with pollutants can adversely affect this usage. We investigated leaf litter samples from the city of Kassel by analyzing their heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations. Leaf samples were indeed contaminated with heavy metals and PAHs and contamination was influenced by provenience and collection technique. A simple cleaning system of washing and subsequent mechanical dewatering significantly reduced heavy metal concentration. Regression models were developed for contamination with heavy metals which showed that contamination could be successfully estimated using the total ash content of the sample as a predictor, with an R 2 of up to 0.77. It can be concluded that leaf litter from cities is a possible feedstock for energetic conversion, provided a cleaning step is applied.

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Section: Relevance Of Pahs In Urban Leaf Litter For Combustionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Hierarchical Clustering Of Pahs In Urban Leaf Littermentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Leaf Litter Designated for Combustion

et al. 2017

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“…Singh et al (2013) reported they were Ant, Flu, Pyr and BaA in the fly ash from combustion of rural used biomass fuel in Indo-Gangetic plains of India. The difference of IPC profiles possibly result from the combustion condition (such as turbulence, temperatures and residence time), fuel composition, and air flow (Sloss and Smith, 1993;Cheruiyot et al, 2015;Košnář et al, 2016;Peng et al, 2016;Wen et al, 2016).…”

Section: Pahs Concentrations In Cfa Samples For 18 Of Chinese Cfppsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of PAHs and PCBs in Fly Ashes of Eighteen Coal-Fired Power Plants

Chen

Liu

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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For the management of coal fly ashes (CFAs) from coal-fired power plants (CFPPs), characterization of PAHs and PCBs in CFAs is imperative. The 18 PAH and 86 PCB congeners in CFAs collected from 18 large-scale CFPPs in China were detected using GC/MS system. The PAH concentrations were in the range of 5.51-70.9 ng g -1 for 16 CFPPs with individual block power capacity as 600 MW (IBPC-600), significantly lower than 886-916 ng g -1 for 2 CFPPs with IBPC as 200 and 300 MW (IBPC-200/300). Both PAH and PCB congeners for 18 CFPPs were dominated by low molecular weight ones. The 3-and 2-ring PAHs, di-, tri-and tetra-PCBs were the predominant homologs. PAH profiles for 16 CFPPs with IBPC-600 were significantly different from other industrial stacks based on higher coefficients of divergence. The BaP-based toxic equivalency (BaPeq) concentration and BaP-based equivalent carcinogenic power (BaPE) for 16 CFPPs with IBPC-600 were 0.834 ng g -1 and 0.570, much lower than corresponding 20.5 ng g -1 and 15.4 for 2 CFPPs with IBPC-200/300. No difference existed for Σ 86 PCBs between CPFFs with IBPC-600 and -200/300, which ranged from 9.60 to 32.1 ng g -1 . Higher mean carcinogenic PAH concentrations for 2 CFPPs with IBPC-200/300 and PCBs-TEQ concentration for 18 CFPPs indicated the application of CFAs as soil amendment should be prohibited. The PAH concentrations for 18 CFPPs were well correlated with the total organic carbon (TOC) values, while PCB concentrations showed not this trend, indicated the different formation mechanism between PCBs and PAHs.

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“…The ash was air-dried at room temperature and thoroughly mixed in a laboratory. The main physico-chemical characteristics of the experimental ash determined according to Mercl et al (2016) and Košnář et al (2016) were: particle sizefraction < 0.25 mm, 67.8%; fraction 0.25-1.6 mm, 32.2%; pH H 2 O , 10.3; electrical conductivity, 9.9 mS/cm; loss on ignition, 52.6%; P tot , 0.1%; K tot , 9.5%; Ca tot , 1.8%; Mg tot , 0.57%; total PAHs, 160.2 mg/kg DW (dry weight). Pot experiment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The separation of PAHs was carried out using a capillary column (20 m × 0.18 mm inner diameter, 0.14 μm film thickness) (Agilent J&W Scientific, Santa Clara, USA). The detailed chromatographic regime and analytical precision of the method were described elsewhere by Košnář et al (2016). Data processing and statistical analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derived from biomass fly ash by plants and organic amendments

Košnář¹,

Tlustoš²

2018

Plant Soil Environ.

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Phytoremediation using maize (Zea mays L.) assisted by the compost or vermicompost amendments was the most appropriate strategy for bioremediation of soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) derived from biomass fly ash. Higher removal of low molecular weight PAHs than medium and high molecular weight PAHs within the same treatment were observed. The total PAH content in planted soil with compost or vermicompost was decreased in a range between 62.9–64.9%. There were no significant differences (P < 0.05) between the compost and vermicompost amendments on the total removal of ash-PAHs. The content of PAH derived by ash did not have adverse effect on maize cultivation and biomass yield. The contribution of PAH reduction by maize roots on the soil total PAH removal was negligible. Therefore, maize significantly boosted the PAH removal in soil. The harvested maize shoots did not represent any environmental risk.

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Investigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content in fly ash and bottom ash of biomass incineration plants in relation to the operating temperature and unburned carbon content

Cited by 55 publications

References 44 publications

Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Leaf Litter Designated for Combustion

Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Leaf Litter Designated for Combustion

Characterization of PAHs and PCBs in Fly Ashes of Eighteen Coal-Fired Power Plants

Removal of soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derived from biomass fly ash by plants and organic amendments

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