Investigation of hydrate plugging in natural gas+diesel oil+water systems using a high-pressure flow loop

Experimental study of growth kinetics of CO2 hydrates and multiphase flow properties of slurries in high pressure flow systems

“…When the hydrate is formed in a large amount, the coefficient of friction of the system increases due to the transition of liquid-liquid dispersion to liquid-solid dispersion and the effect of hydrate agglomeration, 24 which leads to a rapid increase of the pressure difference. Aerwards, the change of the pressure difference is dominated by the ow rate of the system, and the continuous formation of the hydrate makes the viscosity of the uid become larger and the ow rate decreases, so the pressure difference gradually reduces, which is consistent with the ndings of Shi et al 19,37 and Song et al 26 At the same time, it is found that the pressure difference increase in the oil-water system is larger than that in the pure water system. Fig.…”

“…Ding et al 25 studied the ow characteristics and ow patterns of natural gas hydrate slurry through a ow loop, and they proposed the mechanism of hydrate formation and plugging of different gas-liquid ow patterns. Song et al 26 completed a series of hydrate plugging experiments relied on a high-pressure ow loop and put forward corresponding mechanisms for different types of hydrate plugging.…”

An investigation on gas hydrate formation and slurry viscosity in the presence of wax crystals

“…Gas hydrates have been paid wide attention in the academic field, as one of new type energy resources with high energy density and huge amount, as one of CO 2 capture methods, as one of phase change materials for refrigeration application, as one of natural gas transportation modes, and also as one of the major risks in petroleum transportation systems . For the flow assurance researches in deep water offshore fields, hydrate will form in pipelines and then grow into a plug in the extreme environment of high pressure and low temperature, while some other solid phases such as wax, scale, and asphaltene will also precipitate .…”

Investigation of hydrate slurry flow behaviors in deep-sea pipes with different inclination angles

“…The key parameters involved in the solution process (concentration, density, etc.) and their corresponding values are listed in Table 1, and the simulation conditions are listed in Table 2 [35,36].…”