Investigation of Combined Pollution between Malathion and a Variety of Pollutants Based on the Fractional Factorial Design (Resolution IV)

Self Cite

Resolution V of the 2 10-3 fractional factorial design method was used to identify the main effects and second-order interaction effects of pollutants (copper, cadmium, lead, zinc, nickel, dimethoate, metalaxyl, atrazine, malathion, and prometryn) on metals adsorption onto sediments, and 2D-QSAR models were established to reveal the relationships between metal ion characteristics and the effects of pollutants on metals adsorption. The effects on Cd adsorption were attributed to the main effects of pollutant factor concentrations, while the effects on Cu, Pb, Zn, and Ni adsorption were from the second-order interaction effect. No interference with Cd adsorption was observed, and the synergistic contribution of the main effects and second-order interaction effects on Ni adsorption was 67.26%. Additionally, the antagonistic contribution rates to Cu, Zn, and Pb adsorption reached 55.31%, 73.16%, and 86.23%, respectively. Significant correlations existed between the main effects and ionization potential (IP), the change in ionization potential (ΔIP) and ion hydrolysis ability of metals, and the second-order interaction effects with atomic number, atomic weight, and polarizing power (Z 2 /r) of metals. The electrochemical potential, ΔIP and IP of metals were found to promote adsorption, Z 2 /r, electronegativity and atomic radius of metals to inhibit adsorption significantly. Overall, the results provide theoretical support that helps elucidate compound pollution regulation among heavy metal pollutants in complex environmental systems.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Mechanism of Heavy Metals in Heavy Metal/Pesticide Coexisting Sediment Systems through Factional Factorial Design Assisted by 2D-QSAR Models

Chu¹,

Gu²,

Liu³

2018

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“…When compared with resolution IV of the 2 10-5 fractional factorial design method, the freedom increases from 21 to 45, and the alias structures of second-order interaction effects are broken in the resolution V experiment, showing that resolution V of the 2 fractional factorial design method can distinguish the alias structure of the second-order interaction effect significantly [17].…”

Section: Analysis Of Variancementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Cheng et al used a resolution IV fractional factorial design method to explore the combined pollution rules of malathion and a variety of pollutants in sediment [17]. However, they could not solve the mixed phenomenon between the main effects and the second-order interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference Adsorption of Cadmium with a Variety of Pollutants in Sediments Based on Fractional Factorial Design (Resolution V)

Gu¹,

Cheng²,

Yu³

2017

Self Cite

The characteristics of composite cadmium contamination via adsorption onto the surficial sediments in a pesticide (dimethoate, metalaxyl, atrazine, malathion, and prometryn)/heavy metal (copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, and nickel) composite contamination system were examined. To do this, a confounding designassisted resolution V of 2 10-3 fractional factorial design method composed of a fixed effects model, a multiple linear regression model, and the best subset regression modeling methods was used to identify the main effects and second-order interaction effects of the aforementioned pollutants. Overall, 87.08% of the total contribution to cadmium adsorption derived from the main effect, and the main effects of copper, lead, zinc, and dimethoate had a significant antagonistic effect on cadmium adsorption on the sediments in the order of: copper (17.41%)>lead (13.09%)>zinc (10.06%)>dimethoate (5.03%), while the main effects of cadmium (41.49%) had a significant synergistic effect. Moreover, 12.92% of the total contribution to cadmium adsorption was attributed to second-order interaction effects (zinc*nickel and copper*zinc), with zinc*nickel (4.57%) having a significant antagonistic effect and copper*zinc (8.35%) having a significant synergistic effect on cadmium adsorption on the sediments. When compared with resolution IV of the 2 10-5 fractional factorial design method, the freedom of resolution V of the 2 10-3 fractional factorial design method increased from 21 to 45. This showed that resolution V of the 2 10-3 fractional factorial design method can significantly distinguish the aliases of the second-order interaction effects related to the objective pollutant cadmium. Also, the total contribution to cadmium adsorption of the second-order interaction effects decreased from 61.48% to 12.92%, indicating that resolution IV of the 2 10-5 fractional factorial design method overestimates the second-order interaction effect on cadmium adsorption on sediments.

“…In the UFO predicting model, all the selected urban features and defined factors simulated the normal conditions measured spatially by evaluating time series layers and other alternatives of ERAP models for all TAQZ. (4) …where HIDR (heat islands density classification rate) simulates the distribution of hazardous thermal patches with harmful effects on public health, ASDR (accepted clean air urban spaces density rate) represents specific weights for anti-thermal urban spaces such as open green spaces, AIDR (accepted air-friendly urban infrastructures classification density rates), PDR (population density Fig. 4.…”

Section: Uncertainty Modeling By Ann Scenario-based Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The various sources of air pollution available in the region have created countless complex and multidimensional problems; identifying their complex structures and assessing their irreversible effects require tools that can measure the entire spatio-temporal and uncertainty dimensions in one stroke [4]. An effective air pollution management program should integrate all the required practical strategies in a way that their positive synergies create robust solutions for a fair and sustainable mitigation of air pollution across the metropolis [5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Quality Management in Tehran Using a Multi-Dimensional Decision Support System

Ghodousi¹,

Atabi²,

Nouri³

et al. 2017

The metropolis of Tehran currently houses more than 15% of the permanent and floating working population of the country, thus exacerbating the problem of imploding centralization caused by the unique prevailing administrative, educational, and commercial structures of the region [1]. The phenomenon of urbanization has been transforming the natural landscape and habitat of Tehran for years, changing its human activity and lifestyle and causing various types of damage to its natural resources Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 26, No. 2 (2017), 593-603 AbstractManagement of air pollution in Tehran, Iran, has been a significant challenge for urban authorities in recent years owing to the number and complexity of the factors affecting the formation and spread of the pollutions. The present study used an integrated modeling approach involving Spatio, Temporal, Uncertainty Decision Support Systems (STUDSS) using Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for the virtual simulation and strategy assessment of air pollution. Since sources of air pollution and associated pollution control strategies are dependent on location, time and uncertain variables, Multi-Dimensional Decision Support System (MDDSS) can be efficient tool for urban air quality decision-making process. In order to model and evaluate air pollution, time-series data over a period of four years, screened and classified management strategies as well as other structural and environmental data such as land uses, terrain topography, heights of buildings, climatic conditions, population density and pollution sources were modeled using advanced software packages of MCDA and ANN. They were ultimately simulated and evaluated using the MDDSS. The results obtained from the implementation of the STUDSS showed that this tool could be used to provide sustainable solutions to air quality in metropolises and could respond to social satisfaction and economic development.