“…Consequently, it can induce interesting changes in the crystal structure, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of PbTiO3 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Examples include Bi(Ni1/2Ti1/2)O3-PbTiO3 (BNT-PT) [11], 3 3 Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3-PbTiO3 (BMT-PT) [12,17,19], Bi(Mg1/2Zr1/2)O3-PbTiO3 (BMZ-PT) [13,17,19], Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3-PbTiO3 (BZT-PT) [14,18,19], Bi(Zn1/2Zr1/2)O3-PbTiO3 (BZZ-PT) [14,19], Bi(Zn1/2Sn1/2)O3-PbTiO3 [14], Bi(Zn3/4W1/4)O3-PbTiO3 [15,18], Bi(Mg3/4W1/4)O3-PbTiO3 (BMW-PT) [16], Bi(Ni2/3Nb1/3)O3-PbTiO3 [20] etc. From the structural standpoint, depending on how they influence the tetragonality (c/a = 1.06) of PbTiO3, the different PT-BM M systems can be categorized in three groups: (i) those which increase the tetragonality such as Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3 and Bi(Zn3/4W1/4)O3 [14,15], (ii) do not affect the tetragonality such as Bi(Zn1/2Zr1/2)O3 and Bi(Zn1/2Sn1/2)O3 [14], and (iii) the majority which decrease the tetragonality of PbTiO3.…”