Investigation of Air Quality in the Underground and Aboveground Multi-Storey Car Parks in Terms of Exhaust Emissions

Demir, Abdullah

doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.461

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These factors can be compounded by lack of adequate ventilation. Demir (2015) reports the findings of a study which compared emission measurements in four underground and five aboveground multi-storey car parks in Istanbul when the density of motor vehicles was highest. Whilst no short-term risks to human health were identified they offer suggestions for improvements in design including: automated payment to encourage non-stop access to car parks; automated control of ventilation systems which are sensitive to emission concentrations and careful attention to the ventilation of working areas of employees.…”

Section: Underground Car Parksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underground transport: An overview

Cui

Nelson

2019

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

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Transport systems play an essential role in urban, economic and social development. Utilising underground space for transport is a continuing trend across the globe during past decades. Underground transport systems have been chosen by cities as potential solutions for solving urbanisation problems such as traffic congestion, land shortage, and noise and air pollution. This paper provides an overview of five main forms of underground transport: underground railway systems, underground car parks, urban underground roads and expressways, underground freight transport systems and underground pedestrian systems. In each case the overview explores their origins, development, advantages and challenges, as well as other research foci. The paper then discusses key policy challenges for underground transport systems and provides recommendations for future research.

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Section: Underground Car Parksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underground transport: An overview

Cui

Nelson

2019

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

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“…Another example of a specific micro-environment in terms of the composition (both quantitative and qualitative) and the time spent by adult men during the day are garage areas intended for storage of mechanical vehicles. Such indoor areas are defined as semi-enclosed structures and can be divided into two main categories (Papakonstantinou et al 2003 ; Demir 2015 ; Marć et al 2016 ): Residential/attached vehicle garages, where the space for the mechanical vehicle is directly attached to the residential section or a household; Large-surface and/or multi-staged underground car parks, where a lot of parking spaces have been designated on a defined surface area. These indoor areas are intended for employees of corporations, large companies, clients of large-surface shopping centers, or inhabitants of high-rise buildings and apartment buildings.…”

Section: Air Quality In Garages Attached To Residences and Large-scalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor air quality of everyday use spaces dedicated to specific purposes—a review

Marć

Śmiełowska

Namieśnik

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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According to literature data, some of the main factors which significantly affect the quality of the indoor environment in residential households or apartments are human activities such as cooking, smoking, cleaning, and indoor exercising. The paper presents a literature overview related to air quality in everyday use spaces dedicated to specific purposes which are integral parts of residential buildings, such as kitchens, basements, and individual garages. Some aspects of air quality in large-scale car parks, as a specific type of indoor environment, are also discussed. All those areas are characterized by relatively short time use. On the other hand, high and very high concentration levels of xenobiotics can be observed, resulting in higher exposure risk. The main compounds or group of chemical compounds are presented and discussed. The main factors influencing the type and amount of chemical pollutants present in the air of such areas are indicated.

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“…Emissions of carbon dioxide are released explicitly out of automotive exhausts or indirectly from fuel tanks into the soil in car parks (Höglund, 2004). Garage CO rates are primarily dictated by the amount of traffic and air supply (Chan and Chow, 2004;Koskela et al, 1991;Demir, 2015) are essential to the detection of ventilation (Chan and Chow, 2004). Because people will spend only short time in enclosed car parks, it is likely that the average CO level in insufficiently ventilated car parks would negatively affect staff and other garage users in particular (Wallace, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of Carbon Monoxide in an Enclosed Parking Garage

Al-Mutairi¹,

Almutairi²,

Matar³

2020

American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

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The findings of this preliminary study could be indicative of all other Kuwait car parks. The extension of the enclosed car park facilities situated in the heavy building cellars will in the near future allow the results of this study to determine the predicted air quality standards and their associated issues for a first time. Further work is required, however, to establish more precisely the relation between the regular CO rates. In order to determine the exposure levels of those who operate on these included facilities, the long-life control of CO levels inside enclosed garages is important. In a follow up analysis, it is important to analyze and assess the connection between the CO rates and their health effects.

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Investigation of Air Quality in the Underground and Aboveground Multi-Storey Car Parks in Terms of Exhaust Emissions

Cited by 29 publications

References 5 publications

Underground transport: An overview

Underground transport: An overview

Indoor air quality of everyday use spaces dedicated to specific purposes—a review

Concentration of Carbon Monoxide in an Enclosed Parking Garage

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