Investigation of activation cross-sections of proton induced nuclear reactions on natTl up to 42MeV: Review, new data and evaluation

Abstract

Cross-sections of proton induced nuclear reactions on natural thallium have been studied for investigation of the production of the medical important 201 T l diagnostic radioisotope. The excitation functions of 204m Pb, 203 Pb, 202m Pb, 201 Pb, 200 Pb, 199 Pb, 202 T l (direct, cumulative), 201 T l (direct, cumulative), 200 T l(direct), and 203 Hg were measured up to 42 MeV proton energy by stacked foil technique and activation method. The experimental data were compared with the critically analyzed experimental data in the literature, with the IAEA recommended data and with the results of model calculations by using the ALICE-IPPE, EMPIRE-II and TALYS codes.

Recommended nuclear data for medical radioisotope production: diagnostic gamma emitters

“…Production routes for 123 I that employ tellurium and 124 Xe targets were evaluated as part of an earlier CRP [2,3]. Following on from these studies, re-evaluations have been made of a selection of nuclear reactions related to the production of 123 I precursors by proton-induced reactions on 124 Xe targets: 124 Xe(p,2n) 123 Cs, 124 Xe(p,pn) 123 Xe, and 124 Xe(p,x) 123 Xe. Furthermore, an assessment has also been made of the formation of 121 I impurity by means of the 124 Xe(p,x) 121 I reaction which limits the shelf-life of 123 I.…”

“…Fig. 25 Yields calculated from the recommended cross sections for the 112 Cd(p,2n) 111 In reaction 124 Xe(p,2n) 123 Cs Three experimental datasets were found in the literature for the 124 Xe(p,2n) 123 Cs reaction [113][114][115] that were all used in the statistical fitting procedure. All data are shown in Fig.…”

“…124 Xe(p,pn) 123 Xe Three experimental datasets were found in the literature for the direct 124 Xe(p,pn) 123 Xe reaction (Fig. 28) [113][114][115].…”

“…Both methods of presentation contain recommended cross-section data and the corresponding deduced yields. A second IAEA CRP was launched in 2003 to cover the production routes for established ( 103 Pd, 186 Re and 192 Ir) and emerging therapeutic radionuclides ( 64 Cu, 67 Cu,67 Ga, 86 Y, 111 In, 114m In, 124 I, 125 I, 169 Yb, 177 Lu,211 At and 225 Ac) totalling thirty-five reactions [7].…”

New developments in the experimental data for charged particle production of medical radioisotopes

“…-Production cross section of 203,201 Pb and 201 Tl on natural thallium with proton irradiation and many side products [51] (SPECT).…”