Investigation of a hollow anode with an incorporated ferroelectric plasma source for generation of high-current electron beams

Gleizer, J. Z.; Krokhmal, A.; Krasik, Ya. E.; Felsteiner, J.

doi:10.1063/1.1619571

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…One of the main advantages of the hollow-anode (HA) plasma source is that one can control the parameters of the plasma by changing the amplitude of the discharge current I d or the pressure inside the HA [1,2]. Our experiments with the HA [3][4][5] showed that the use of either an arc or a magnetron-like plasma source or a ferroelectric plasma source (FPS) allows one to achieve reliable ignition and sustainment of the discharge with amplitude of I d ≤ 4 kA and pulse duration of ∼ 2 × 10 −5 s at background pressure of P ∼ = 2 × 10 −2 Pa and without formation of plasma spots at the HA walls and at the HA output grid. It was found that the plasma acquires a positive potential of ≤ 40 V with respect to the HA and that the plasma density and electron temperature are n ≤ 10 13 cm −3 and T e ≤ 10 eV, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

Drastic changes in the plasma potential inside a hollow anode during an applied accelerating pulse

et al. 2004

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We present results which show drastic changes in the parameters of a hollow anode (HA) which serves as a cathode in an electron diode. The HA has a ferroelectric plasma source (FPS) incorporated in it. The applied accelerating pulse causes increase of the potential of the plasma inside the HA up to 7 kV and switches the direction of the current of plasma electrons from the HA and its output grid towards the accelerating gap. It is shown that, in spite of the large positive plasma potential, electron emission occurs due to the dynamics of ion motion in the sheath near the HA grid.

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confidence: 99%

Drastic changes in the plasma potential inside a hollow anode during an applied accelerating pulse

et al. 2004

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“…It was shown in Ref. (11) that surface discharges are accompanied by the formation of micro-particles flow. These micro-particles were observed at different distances from the FPS by 4Quick05A camera coupled with microscope when micro-particles were lightened by pulsed laser beam.…”

Section: Ferroelectric Plasma Sources (Fps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ref. (11)- (13) the parameters of the FPS-assisted HA source operated at background gas pressure ≥10 -6 Torr were described (Fig. 16).…”

Section: Hollow Anode Plasma Source (Ha)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive and Active Plasma Emission Sources for High-current Electron Beam Generation

et al. 2007

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In this review we present main results of experimental research of passive and active plasma sources for high-current electron beam generation obtained during the last few years in our Plasma & Pulsed Power Laboratory. We will describe passive plasma sources (ceramic-metal, velvet and carbon fiber cathodes) based on flashover plasma and active plasma sources based on a ferroelectric plasma source (FPS) as well as on an FPS-assisted hollow anode (HA) plasma source. The main data concerning the plasma parameters (plasma density and temperature, plasma uniformity and plasma potential) and the main features of these plasma sources (plasma formation, life time, vacuum compatibility) will be discussed. Also, data concerning electron diode operation and parameters of the generated electron beam while using these plasma sources will be presented.

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“…E. Krasik's group at Technion, Haifa, Israel [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. E. Krasik's group at Technion, Haifa, Israel [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Plasma-cathode Large-cross-section Electron Sources Based Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of Large‐Cross‐Section Beams in Plasma‐Cathode Systems

Окс

2006

Plasma Cathode Electron Sources

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Large-cross-section electron beams (LCSEBs) are attractive for applications involving large plane objects or bulk media [1]. They have found use in radiation technologies, in surface modification of structural materials, in pumping the active media of gas lasers, and in other fields. In plasma-cathode sources, the production of beams of this type is accomplished by the extraction of electrons from the surface of volumetric plasma. For the production of LCSEBs, plasma cathodes have an extra advantage over hot cathodes, in that it is much easier to form homogeneous bulk plasma than it is to form a uniformly heated, large, hot-cathode emission surface [2].In electron sources that produce large-cross-section beams, as a rule the emission surface is comparable to the beam in dimensions. Thus voltage division in the region of beam formation and acceleration is impeded, and the acceleration gap is conventionally represented by a diode system with the high-voltage electrodes having a greater surface area. Because of the reduced electric field strength of acceleration gaps with developed electrode surfaces, the upper limit of electron energies is usually not above 250-300 kV. The wide range of possible ways of forming dense, large-volume, homogeneous plasmas makes the creation of plasma-cathode sources of large-cross-section beams rather simple. Beams of this type can be square in cross-section, or radially convergent or divergent. The beam cross-sectional area is dictated by the dimensions of the required region to be exposed to the beam, and it may range from 10 to 10 5 cm 2 . Let us consider some examples of plasma sources of large-cross-section electron beams. Electron Sources with High Pulsed Energy DensityA high-voltage plasma-cathode electron source (see Fig. 4.1) [3] was developed to determine the maximum parameters of devices of this type, and was also used in experiments on surface modification of various materials by an electron beam with high pulsed beam energy. In a vacuum chamber 1, made of stainless steel, on polyethylene bushing insulator 2, is mounted a plasma electron emitter 3. Plasma is generated by a constricted arc [4] or a cascade mode of arc [5,6]. The discharge is 95Plasma Cathode Electron Sources. Efim Oks powered by an LC pulse-forming network line (PFN) whose parameters determine the cathode (discharge) current I d and the pulse duration s d . Usually I d = 10-1000 A and s d = 10 -2 -10 -5 s. Electrons are extracted from the plasma through an emission hole of diameter d e = 60 mm which is covered with a fine stainless-steel grid with mesh size 0.5´0.5 mm. A DC accelerating voltage U acc (up to 200 kV) is applied between the hollow anode 5 and the vacuum chamber. During operation of the electron source, the pressure in the hollow anode, which is determined by the flow rate of the plasma-generating gas (argon), was maintained in the range 0.01-0.1 Pa, whereas in the acceleration gap and in the beam drift space the pressure was lower by about an order of magnitude.

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Investigation of a hollow anode with an incorporated ferroelectric plasma source for generation of high-current electron beams

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Drastic changes in the plasma potential inside a hollow anode during an applied accelerating pulse

Drastic changes in the plasma potential inside a hollow anode during an applied accelerating pulse

Passive and Active Plasma Emission Sources for High-current Electron Beam Generation

Generation of Large‐Cross‐Section Beams in Plasma‐Cathode Systems

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