Investigation of 2.0μm emission in Tm3+ and Ho3+ co-doped oxyfluoride tellurite glass

Gao, Guojun; Wang, Guonian; Chen, Yu; Zhang, Junjie; Hu, Lili

doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2009.04.024

Cited by 81 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…In the past decades, many researches have been done to develop compact mid-infrared laser for applications such as medicine, remote sensing and light detection and ranging (LIDAR) [1][2][3] In order to get powerful infrared emissions from Tm 3+ ions, germanate, tellurite, gallate and fluoride glasses are promising host materials. However, the fluoride glasses material has a weak chemical stability, low mechanical robustness and low laser damage threshold, so the practical application bas been restricted [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tm3+ doped Bi2O3–GeO2–Na2O glasses for 1.8μm fluorescence

et al. 2010

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tm3+ doped Bi2O3–GeO2–Na2O glasses for 1.8μm fluorescence

et al. 2010

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“…1), the radiative transitions within the 4f n configuration of the Er 3 ion can be analyzed by the intensity parameters Ω t (t 2, 4, and 6) of the Judd-Ofelt theory [21] (shown in Table 1). The parameter Ω 2 exhibits the dependence on the covalency between rare-earth ions and ligand anions and reflects the asymmetry of the local environment at the Er 3 ion site, while the parameters Ω 4 and Ω 6 relate to the covalency of the medium in which the Er 3 ions are situated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intense 27 µm emission and structural origin in Er^3+-doped bismuthate (Bi_2O_3-GeO_2-Ga_2O_3-Na_2O) glass

Guo

et al. 2012

Opt. Lett.

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The 2.7 μm emission properties in Er 3 -doped bismuthate (Bi 2 O 3 -GeO 2 -Ga 2 O 3 -Na 2 O) glass were investigated in the present Letter. An intense 2.7 μm emission in Er 3 -doped bismuthate glass was observed. It is found that Er 3 -doped bismuthate glass possesses high spontaneous transition probability A (65.26 s −1 ) and large 2.7 μm emission cross section σ em (9.53 × 10 −21 cm 2 ) corresponding to the stimulated emission of Er 3 : 4 I 11∕2 → 4 I 13∕2 transition. The emission characteristic and energy transfer process upon excitation of a conventional 980 nm laser diode in bismuthate glass were analyzed. Additionally, the structure of bismuthate glass was analyzed by the Raman spectrum. The advantageous spectroscopic characteristics of Er 3 single-doped bismuthate glass together with the prominent thermal property indicate that bismuthate glass might become an attractive host for developing solid-state lasers around 2.7 μm. © 2012 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 160.5690, 260.3060, 160.4670, 160.2750, 300.6280. Owing to the strong absorption of radiation by water at the 2.7 μm region, considerable effort has been contributed to the erbium (Er 3 ) 2.7 μm lasers in view of the possible applications in medicine, sensing, and military countermeasures as well as light detection and ranging (LIDAR) in recent decades [1][2][3]. It is well known that two essential factors should be considered in developing more efficient optical devices based on rare-earth ions, including the active ions and the host [4]. The active ions, transition of 4 I 11∕2 → 4 I 13∕2 of Er 3 ion, is "self-terminating," which possesses a shorter upper-level lifetime and lower spontaneous transition probability (about 30 s −1 in fluoride) [5]. The host glass materials for mid-IR lasers are expected to possess a minimal absorption coefficient in the typical H 2 O absorption band at 3 μm, low nonradiative decay rates, high radiative emission rates, and compatibility with waveguide fabrication processes for the majority of applications [5,6].In order to get powerful 2.7 μm mid-IR emission from Er 3 ions, fluoride, chalcogenide, fluorophosphates, and heavy metal oxide (tellurite and germanate) based glasses as well as glass ceramics have been investigated, and fluoride glasses have emerged as natural candidates for such rare-earth-doped optical devices [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. However, fluoride glasses require a more stringently controlled fabrication and have a relatively poor thermal stability [13]. Therefore, the heavy metal oxide glasses, germanate, tellurite, and bismuthate glasses attract high interest owing to their excellent solubility for rare-earth ions, lower phonon energy, higher refractive index, higher glass transition temperature, and good IR transmission [14][15][16][17]. Among above-mentioned host, there are still no reports on 2.7 μm emission in Er 3 -doped bismuthate glass up to now.The 2.7 μm emission in Er 3 -doped bismuthate (Bi 2 O 3 -GeO 2 -Ga 2 O 3 -Na 2 O) glasses are studied in the present Letter. Addition...

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“…Thus from the radiative life times also, it is evident that there is a gradual decrease of interaction of Ho 3 + ion from glass AH 1 to AH 3 . Earlier it was reported that in a number of glass hosts and crystals, 5 I 7 state is [50] relatively stable and acts as a good population reservoir level. Once 5 I 7 state is populated, most of Ho 3 + ions return to 5 I 8 ground state resulting in strong 2.0 mm emission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%