Investigating the spectral features of the brain meso‐scale structure at rest

Abstract

Recent studies provide novel insights into the meso-scale organization of the brain, highlighting the co-occurrence of different structures: classic assortative (modular), disassortative, and core-periphery. However, the spectral properties of the brain meso-scale remain mostly unexplored. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated how the meso-scale structure is organized across the frequency domain. We analyzed the resting state activity of healthy participants with source-localized highdensity electroencephalography signals. Then, we inferred the community structure using weighted stochastic block-model (WSBM) to capture the landscape of mesoscale structures across the frequency domain. We found that different meso-scale modalities co-exist and are diversely organized over the frequency spectrum. Specifically, we found a core-periphery structure dominance, but we also highlighted a selective increase of disassortativity in the low frequency bands (<8 Hz), and of assortativity in the high frequency band (30-50 Hz). We further described other features of the meso-scale organization by identifying those brain regions which, at the same time, (a) exhibited the highest degree of assortativity, disassortativity, and coreperipheriness (i.e., participation) and (b) were consistently assigned to the same community, irrespective from the granularity imposed by WSBM (i.e., granularity-invariance). In conclusion, we observed that the brain spontaneous activity shows frequency-specific meso-scale organization, which may support spatially distributed and local information processing.

Aberrant Functional Connectivity in Core–Periphery Structure Based on WSBM in ADHD

“…Core block #6 and core block #8 consisted mainly of the temporal lobe, SMA, and insula, and core block #4 was located mainly in the occipital lobe. These findings are consistent with previous studies on the core–periphery of brain networks (Iandolo et al, 2021; Shen et al, 2021). Some studies also using intrinsic functional connectivity analysis have reported network centrality in the visual (L.…”

“…Zhu et al (2023) have found that the connection between the VN and the AN is abnormal in different states of the dynamic network. The interaction of the core and periphery reflects an efficient integration (Iandolo et al, 2021), we believed that the increased core–periphery connectivity in the high connectivity state may reflect enhanced integration of ADHD. Zhu et al (2023) found enhanced integration of ADHD networks in dynamic connectivity.…”

“…Gu et al (2020) revealed the core-periphery pair structure of the functional network of the human brain, and the core-periphery pair interaction is closely related to human cognitive function. Iandolo et al (2021) studied the community structure in different frequency bands, revealing that the most representative of all frequency bands is the core-periphery structure. However, it is not clear how the core-periphery structure of ADHD has changed.…”