Investigating the Relationship between Knitted Fabric Porosity and Light Permeability

Imrith, Manoj Kumar; Unmar, Roshan; Rosunee, Satyadev

doi:10.1155/2016/7536108

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Objective determination of the porosity in the textile fabrics is gaining importance; the technique of image analysis is being used to determine the porosity of woven and knitted fabrics (Angelova, 2012; Imrith et al , 2016a, 2016b). The researchers are also exploring the relationship of porosity with air permeability (Çay et al , 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yarn porosity and its relationship with the dyeing behavior

Yousfani

Farooq

Mohtashim

et al. 2022

PRT

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Purpose Porosity is one of the most important properties of the textile substrate. It can influence the comfort of a garment by affecting its breathability and thermal conductivity. During the process of dyeing, the dye liquor comes in contact with the substrate; the absorption of the dye liquor into the substrate will be dependent on its porosity. The concept of porosity between the yarns of fabric is a common phenomenon; however, the porosity between the fibres in the yarn can also influence the dyeing behaviour of the fabric. Design/methodology/approach In this research, ring and rotor yarns of 25/s and 30/s counts are considered as textile substrates. The porosity of yarns was determined theoretically and experimentally using the image analysis method. Findings It was found that theoretical porosity is independent of the yarn manufacturing method. In addition, 30/s yarn was more porous as compared with 25/s yarn having a higher pore area. Rotor yarns had higher porosity, dye fixation and K/S as compared with ring yarns. Dyeing behaviour was also dependent on the count of yarn. Specifically, 30/s yarns have higher dye fixation as compared with 25/s yarns. However, 25/s yarns were dyed with deeper shades showing higher K/S values. Also, 25/s yarns are coarser than 30/s yarns having higher diameters and cross-sectional area, thus resulting in deeper shades and higher K/S values. Originality/value This novel technique is based on the comparative study of the porosity of various types of yarns using the image analysis technique. This investigation shows that the porosity between the fibres in the yarn can also influence the dyeing behaviour of the yarn.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yarn porosity and its relationship with the dyeing behavior

Yousfani

Farooq

Mohtashim

et al. 2022

PRT

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“…It was also shown that increase in yarn fineness and more open structure, yarns with lower hairiness of the knitted fabric, higher porosity and lower compactness improve the air permeability, and the tightness factor correlates more with air permeability than knitted fabric thickness (Bhattacharya and Ajmeri, 2013). Imrith et al (2016)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Literature review reveals that the knitted fabrics are usually tested for the air permeability which depends on variety of factors, such as fabric porosity (Tou, 2005;Bhattacharya and Ajmeri, 2013;Imrith et al, 2016;Jordeva et al, 2017;Havlová and Špánková, 2017), course count and yarn number (Tou, 2005), loop length (Chidambaram et al, 2011), loop density and knit type (Dehkordi et al, 2017), thickness, tightness, yarn fineness and compactness (Bhattacharya and Ajmeri, 2013), raw material content ( Jordeva et al, 2017), etc. It was also considered that air will primarily flow through the inter-yarn pores in knitted fabrics; only in the case of highly dense fabrics may be considered that the part of the air may pass through the surface layers of the yarn (Havlová and Špánková, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the air permeability of elastic knitted fabrics and their assemblies

Daukantienė

Vadeike

2018

IJCST

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the air permeability of knitted fabrics containing elastane fibre and their seams applying both the new approach based on fabric thickness measurement at different pressures and standard method. Design/methodology/approach Investigations were performed with commercially available eight polyester knitted fabrics containing different elastane yarn proportion. Bonded seams were laminated applying the urethane thermoplastic adhesive film of 0.175 mm thickness. Bonds were laminated by heat at 5.6 kPa pressure applying pressing device GTK DEA 25 R at 140°C temperature for 40 s duration. Sewn seams were assembled with 607 covering chain stitch applying 5.0 stitches per cm density and 512 overedge chain stitch applying 5.0 stitches per cm density. Specimens without and with the seams were conditioned in standard atmosphere conditions according to the standard LST EN ISO 139 before air permeability testing according to the standard LST EN ISO 9237. Standard thickness of the investigated knitted fabric was determined according to the standard EN ISO 5084. It is known from literature that the porosity is dominant factor influencing the air permeability of knitted fabrics. Therefore, the assumption was made that due to fabric porosity knitted fabric thickness being measured at different pressures also may differ. Thus, the permeability property may also be related to the difference between fabric’s thicknesses being measured under different pressures which may be applied with different material thickness gauges. Findings There was shown that fabric assemblies make the significant influence on the textile permeability to air. The results obtained indicate that the air permeability of the investigated knitted fabrics depends not only on their structure parameters but also on the fabric seam type. Air permeability of the specimens with the seams was lower than one of specimens without the seams. The highest decrease in permeability which ranged from 19.9 per cent up to 60.0 per cent was determined for the bonds. Fabric specimens with 607 covering chain stitch seam were in the second place with regard to the previously considered parameter. And, their permeability was decreased from 0.6 per cent up to 52.6 per cent. Changes in the air permeability of the specimens with 512 overedge chain stitch seam were lowest in the range of investigated assemblies. Based on the determined results, it was concluded that the thickness difference of the specimens with and without seams measured at different pressures is related to fabric porosity which makes the significant influence on the air permeability. Practical implications The samples of investigated fabrics were taken from the two companies which manufactures leisure clothing and sportswear such as skiing or swimming costumes, etc. Thus, the obtained investigation results are significant not only for clothing science but also leads the improvement of clothing quality in fashion industry. Originality/value Assuring the comfort of the human body is one of the most important functions of clothing, especially of sportswear and leisure wear. Knitted fabrics should not only be elastic, but also have high air permeability for easily transmit of the perspiration from the skin to the atmosphere, thus making the wearer to feel comfortable. In this research, the air permeability of commercially available polyester knitted fabrics containing different amount of elastane was investigated and the influence of fabric assemblies on the air permeability property was evaluated. A new approach based on the fabric thickness measurement at different pressures and the standard methods for the evaluation of air permeability were used.

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