Investigating Tangible Collaboration for Design Towards Augmented Physical Telepresence

Augmented Reality and Robotics: A Survey and Taxonomy for AR-enhanced Human-Robot Interaction and Robotic Interfaces

“…For example, Groechel et al [158] uses an AR view to provide virtual arms to a social robot (e.g., Kuri Robot) to enhance the social expressions when communicating with the users. Examples include adding facial expressions [481], overlaying remote users [198,401], and interactive content [96] onto robots. AR is a helpful medium to increase the expressiveness of shape-changing interfaces [258].…”

“…Supplemental Content: Finally, AR is also used to show supplemental content for expressive interaction, such as showing interactive content on robots or background images for their surroundings. Examples include a holographic remote user for remote collaboration and telepresence [197,401], a visual scene for games and entertainment [346,369], an overlaid animation or visual content for shape-changing interfaces [243,258], showing the menu for available actions [27,58], and aided color coding or background for dynamic data physicalization [127,425].…”

“…-Anthropomorphic Effects: Anthropomorphic effects are visual augmentations that render human-inspired graphics. Such design can add an interactive effect of 1) a robot's body [3], such as arms [158] and eyes [450], 2) faces and facial expressions [14,180,481], 3) a human-avatar [198,401,472], or 4) character animation [23,473],…”

“…For example, it can augment the robot's face by animated facial expression with realistic images [14] or cartoonlike animation [481], which can improve the social expression of the robots [158] and engage more interaction [23,473]. In addition to augmenting a robot's body, it can also show the image of a real person to facilitate remote communication [197,401,436,472].…”

“…With these kinds of gestures, users can manipulate virtual way points [325,358] or operate robots with a virtual menu [58]. The spatial gesture is also used to implicitly manipulate swarm robots through remote interaction [401].…”