Investigating invariant item ordering in the Mental Health Inventory: An illustration of the use of different methods

Watson, Roger; Wang, Wenru; Thompson, David R.; Meijer, Rob R.

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.03.017

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The present study used the non-parametric item response ( is judged using a "Crit" value, which is calculated from the number of violations of monotonicity; values should not exceed 80 (Molenaar & Sijtsma, 2000). The existence of IIO can be established by a combination of visually inspecting plots of ICCs and looking for significant violations of IIO; the strength of IIO can be estimated using Htrans (H T ) (Watson et al, 2014) which is analogous to Hs and the values for judging the strength of IIO are the same as those for Hs reported above. The probability of obtaining a Mokken scale and the reliability (rho) of Mokken scales can also be estimated.…”

Section: Mokken Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurses’ perceptions of caring activities in nursing

et al. 2020

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Aim This study aimed to determine nurses’ perceptions of caring activities in nursing. Design A descriptive study design. Methods A Turkish translation of the 25‐item version of the Caring Dimensions Inventory was completed by 260 nurses working in one university hospital. Data were analysed using Mokken scaling. Results Technical aspects of nursing were highly endorsed items such as “observing the effects of a medication on a patient, measuring vital signs, being technically competent with a clinical procedure, consulting with the doctor” except for the item “providing privacy for a patient” which is a psychosocial item. The range of items included in the Mokken scale with “providing privacy for a patient” (mean = 4.31) as the most endorsed, and “exploring the patient's lifestyle” (mean = 2.60) being the least endorsed item. Listening to patients and involving them in their care are not considered as caring.

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Section: Mokken Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurses’ perceptions of caring activities in nursing

et al. 2020

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“…This scale shows weak IIO (H T >0.3) which indicates that all respondents at any level of attitude may respond to these items in the same way. However, inspection of the item pair plots Scale 2 shows that the IRF for item 19 is far from the remaining items and this could be exaggerating the measurement of IIO as shown recently [37] , [38] . Items 18, 19 and 21 in this scale had 95% CIs which included 0 with items which were not included in Scale 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire: Mokken Scaling Analysis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundHierarchical scales are useful in understanding the structure of underlying latent traits in many questionnaires. The Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire (AAQ) explored the attitudes to ageing of older people themselves, and originally described three distinct subscales: (1) Psychosocial Loss (2) Physical Change and (3) Psychological Growth. This study aimed to use Mokken analysis, a method of Item Response Theory, to test for hierarchies within the AAQ and to explore how these relate to underlying latent traits.MethodsParticipants in a longitudinal cohort study, the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936, completed a cross-sectional postal survey. Data from 802 participants were analysed using Mokken Scaling analysis. These results were compared with factor analysis using exploratory structural equation modelling.ResultsParticipants were 51.6% male, mean age 74.0 years (SD 0.28). Three scales were identified from 18 of the 24 items: two weak Mokken scales and one moderate Mokken scale. (1) ‘Vitality’ contained a combination of items from all three previously determined factors of the AAQ, with a hierarchy from physical to psychosocial; (2) ‘Legacy’ contained items exclusively from the Psychological Growth scale, with a hierarchy from individual contributions to passing things on; (3) ‘Exclusion’ contained items from the Psychosocial Loss scale, with a hierarchy from general to specific instances. All of the scales were reliable and statistically significant with ‘Legacy’ showing invariant item ordering. The scales correlate as expected with personality, anxiety and depression. Exploratory SEM mostly confirmed the original factor structure.ConclusionsThe concurrent use of factor analysis and Mokken scaling provides additional information about the AAQ. The previously-described factor structure is mostly confirmed. Mokken scaling identifies a new factor relating to vitality, and a hierarchy of responses within three separate scales, referring to vitality, legacy and exclusion. This shows what older people themselves consider important regarding their own ageing.

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“…We also compared the total proportion of older adults reporting at least one limitation across items using the same statistic. For the total summed scales, additional comparisons included: (a) internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha (α), with standard thresholds [ 35 ], (b) invariant item ordering [ 36 ], using H trans (H T ) and previously published thresholds [ 37 , 38 ], and (c) correlations with other health-related variables as indicators of concurrent validity. All scale and item scores were log-transformed prior to assessing correlations given the skewed nature of response distributions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of alternative full and brief versions of functional status scales among older adults in China

et al. 2020

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Background Brief assessments of functional status for community-dwelling older adults are needed given expanded interest in the measurement of functional decline. Methods As part of a 2015 prospective cohort study of older adults aged 60–89 years in Jiangsu Province, China, 1506 participants were randomly assigned to two groups; each group was administered one of two alternative 20-item versions of a scale to assess activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) drawn from multiple commonly-used scales. One version asked if they required help to perform activities (ADL-IADL-HELP-20), while the other version provided additional response options if activities could be done alone but with difficulty (ADL-IADL-DIFFICULTY-20). Item responses to both versions were compared using the binomial test for differences in proportion (with Wald 95% confidence interval [CI]). A brief 9-item scale (ADL-IADL-DIFFICULTY-9) was developed favoring items identified as difficult or requiring help by ≥4%, with low redundancy and/or residual correlations, and with significant correlations with age and other health indicators. We repeated assessment of the measurement properties of the brief scale in two subsequent samples of older adults in Hong Kong in 2016 (aged 70–79 years; n = 404) and 2017 (aged 65–82 years; n = 1854). Results Asking if an activity can be done alone but with difficulty increased the proportion of participants reporting restriction on 9 of 20 items, for which 95% CI for difference scores did not overlap with zero; the proportion with at least one limitation increased from 28.6% to 34.2% or an absolute increase of 5.6% (95% CI = 0.9–10.3%), which was a relative increase of 19.6%. The brief ADL-IADL-DIFFICULTY-9 maintained excellent internal consistency (α = 0.93) and had similar ceiling effect (68.1%), invariant item ordering (H trans = .41; medium), and correlations with age and other health measures compared with the 20-item version. The brief scale performed similarly when subsequently administered to older adults in Hong Kong. Conclusions Asking if tasks can be done alone but with difficulty can modestly reduce ceiling effects. It’s possible that the length of commonly-used scales can be reduced by over half if researchers are primarily interested in a summed indicator rather than an inventory of specific types of deficits.

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Investigating invariant item ordering in the Mental Health Inventory: An illustration of the use of different methods

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Nurses’ perceptions of caring activities in nursing

Nurses’ perceptions of caring activities in nursing

The Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire: Mokken Scaling Analysis

Comparison of alternative full and brief versions of functional status scales among older adults in China

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