InvestigatinghspGene Expression in Liver ofChanna striatusunder Heat Stress for Understanding the Upper Thermal Acclimation

Abstract

Changes in hsp gene expression profiles in murrel Channa striatus experimentally exposed to temperature stress (36°C) for 4, 15, and 30 days were investigated; fish collected from aquaculture ponds and maintained in laboratory at the pond temperature (25 ± 1°C) served as control. Channa collected from a hot spring runoff (36°C) was included in the study to examine the hsp profiles beyond 30 days of exposure. Gene expression analyses of a battery of hsps in liver tissues were carried out by quantitative RT-PCR and protein expressions were analyzed by immunoblotting. hsps could be grouped into three clusters based on similarity in response to heat stress: hsp70, hsp78, and hsp60, whose transcript level continued to increase with duration of exposure; hsp90 and hsp110 that increased to a much higher level and then decreased; hsp27 and hsp47 that did not significantly vary as compared to control. The results suggest that Hsp70, Hsp78, and Hsp60 are involved in thermal acclimation and long term survival at high temperature. Fish living in the hot spring runoff appears to continuously express hsps that can be approximated by long term induction of hsps in farmed fish if temperature of their environment is raised to 36°C.

Preinduction of heat shock protein 70 protects mice against post-infection irritable bowel syndrome via NF-κB and NOS/NO signaling pathways

“…In the current study, upregulation of HSP70 was induced by heat treatment according to previous report (Mizushima et al 2000). It has been demonstrated that HSP70 expression continues to increase with duration of exposure, while HSP90 and HSP110 increase to a much higher level and then decrease and HSP27 and HSP47 fail to be affected under heat stress (Purohit et al 2014). Meanwhile, we also found that Trichinella spiralis infection inhibited HSP70 expression, indicating that HSP70 plays a key role in post-infection irritable bowel syndrome.…”

Immunomodulatory effect of arsenic on cytokine and HSP gene expression in Labeo rohita fingerlings

“…The immunological properties of HSPs enable them to be used in new immunotherapies of cancers and infections [16]. The elevated expression of HSPs is considered to be a universal response to adverse conditions, representing a potential b-actin KM091925 mechanism of cellular defence against disease and a potential target for novel therapeutics [27,41]. Significant increase in expression was observed in case of HSP60 (>2 fold) and HSP90 (0.7 fold) genes ( Fig.…”

Genomics of Adaptation to Multiple Concurrent Stresses: Insights from Comparative Transcriptomics of a Cichlid Fish from One of Earth’s Most Extreme Environments, the Hypersaline Soda Lake Magadi in Kenya, East Africa

“…These included genes related to hyper-and hypo-osmotic stress (Kalujnaia et al 2007;Evans and Somero 2008;Laverty and Skadhauge 2012), heat stress (Fangue et al 2006;Purohit et al 2014), hypoxia and oxidative stress (Almeida et al 2002;Woo et al 2013) (see Table S1 for the complete list of genes). Additionally, we investigated the expression levels of the entire set of genes of the ornithine-urea cycle (OUC) pathway: N-acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS), ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OTC), carbamoyl-phosphate synthase III (CPSIII), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS), argininosuccinate lysase (ASL), and arginase (ARG), and one accessory urea pathway gene (ornithine glutamine synthetase (GS)) ( Table 2).…”

“…This phenomenon is best understood in the context of genetic assimilation, in which genes and consequently traits that are unconditionally adaptive become genetically fixed (canalized) such that they may continue to be expressed long after the stressor has been removed (Stearns 1994;Badyaev 2005;Lande 2009). Several studies suggest that constitutive up-regulation (transcriptome uploading) of stress-responsive genes may actually represent a major phenomenon in animals evolved under chronic environmental stress (Latta et al 2012;Purohit et al 2014). For instance, Trematomus bernacchii (family Nototheniidae) and several other Antarctic fishes have been shown to have lost the ability to induce heat shock proteins but constitutively express heat shock proteins (Buckley et al 2004;Shin et al 2014).…”

“…In their case, this adaptation has been suggested as an evolutionary innovation to deal with physiological challenges associated with chronic cold exposure such as denaturation of proteins (Shin et al 2014). Constitutive expression of heat shock proteins has also been suggested in the hot springadapted Channa striatus (family Channidae) that are exposed to high temperatures of 36°C (Purohit et al 2014). In A. grahami, expression of urea genes in freshwater conditions (see section on urea genes) could represent a classical example of constitutive expression of genes in response to chronic stress, in this case high alkalinity and pH, which make it impossible for these soda lake-adapted cichlids to excrete ammonia, as other teleosts do.…”