Investigating electroencephalography signals of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using Higuchi Fractal Dimension

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a deficit of social relationships, interaction, sense of imagination, and constrained interests. Early diagnosis of ASD will aid in devising appropriate training procedures and placing those children in the normal stream. The objective of this research is to analyze the brain response for auditory/visual stimuli in Typically Developing (TD) and children with autism through electroencephalography (EEG). Brain dynamics in the EEG signal can be analyzed well with the help of nonlinear feature primitives. Recent research reveals that, application of fractal-based techniques proves to be effective to estimate of degree of nonlinearity in a signal. This research attempts to analyze the effect of brain dynamics with Higuchi Fractal Dimension (HFD). Also, the performance of the fractal based techniques depends on the selection of proper hyper-parameters involved in it. One of the key parameters involved in computation of HFD is the time interval parameter ‘k’. Most of the researches arbitrarily fixes the value of ‘k’ in the range of all channels. This research proposes an algorithm to estimate the optimal value of the time parameter for each channel. Sub-band analysis was also carried out for the responding channels. Statistical analysis on the experimental reveals that a difference of 30% was observed between autistic and Typically Developing children.

Does the Potocki–Lupski Syndrome Convey the Autism Spectrum Disorder Phenotype? Case Report and Scoping Review

“…The Fourier transform method is a common technique of EEG analysis; however, it is poorly suited for the analysis of non-stationary departures of the EEG signal. At the same time, the Hjorth parameters and FD were previously used for the analysis of the abnormal activity of the EEG [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Does the Potocki-Lupski Syndrome Convey the Autism Spectrum Disorder Phenotype? Case Report and Scoping Review

“…At the same time, the values of non-linear features such as HC and FD were noticeably lower in our Patient M. The Fourier transform method is a common technique of EEG analysis; however, it is poorly suited for the analysis of non-stationary departures of the EEG signal. At the same time, The Hjorth parameters and FD were previously used for the analysis of the abnormal activity of the EEG [31,32,33].…”

The Effect of 40 Hz Binaural Beats on Working Memory

“…) For each volunteer, HFD was calculated for each channel separately. The 𝑘𝑘 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 calculation for each channel is derived on the basis of the saturation range of the HFD [21].…”

“…For example, patients with AD have reduced HFD values in the parietal region compared with healthy controls [20]. HFD can also distinguish between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and normally developing children [21] and between depressed and normal individuals [22]. Moreover, HFD has been found to be suitable for analyzing various incoherent phenomena such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, and dyslexia.…”