Investigating Effects of Climate Change on Health Risks in Nigeria

Monday, Ilevbare Femi

doi:10.5772/intechopen.86912

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…where X i represents the value for a given indicator for the i th district, and X min and X max represent the minimum and maximum values of the indicator, respectively. Note that the normalization through equation (1) ensures that the values are bounded between 0 and 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a growing body of evidence that Earth is warming at an unprecedented rate as a result of anthropogenic activities, such as deforestation, urbanization, population growth, industrialization and the release of greenhouse gases [1]. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts an increase of 1.5-5.8 • C in global average temperature by 2100 as a result of greenhouse emissions [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Vulnerability and Adaptation Needs of Mozambique’s Health Sector to Climate Change: A Comprehensive Study

Muleia,

Maure,

José

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Climate change (CC) poses severe consequences, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where poverty rates may escalate by 2050 without significant climate and development action. The health impacts are diverse, encompassing communicable and non-communicable diseases. Mozambique, a climate-vulnerable nation, has experienced significant natural disasters in the past 42 years, impacting its health system. This study aims to assess Mozambique’s health sector vulnerability and adaptation needs to climate change. Following a methodology proposed by the World Health Organization and Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change, a six-step vulnerability and adaptation assessment was conducted. The Health Vulnerability Index (HVI), integrating historical climate, epidemiological, and socio-economic data at the district level (n=162), was computed using exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity dimensions. The Results revealed spatial patterns in exposure to climate variables, extreme weather events, and variations in sensitivity and adaptive capacity across the country. The HVI mirrored the exposure findings. Notably, high vulnerability was observed in several districts, while major urban centers displayed lower vulnerability. These findings highlight the country’s vulnerability to climate change and underscore the potential for adverse impacts on livelihoods, the economy, and human health. The study provides a foundation for developing strategies and adaptation actions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Vulnerability and Adaptation Needs of Mozambique’s Health Sector to Climate Change: A Comprehensive Study

Muleia,

Maure,

José

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Besides, the location of the gauges covers the vast tropical savannah climatic region, which covers most of the country (west to centre Nigeria) and the Arid climatic region found in the North [24]. Climate change impacts in Nigeria has been identified as disastrous due to the country's vulnerability and deficient coping capability [25]. The consequences are evidenced in rising temperature, variable precipitation, sealevel rise and flooding, desertification and drought, altered water resources, and biodiversity loss [26].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Climate Change Impacts on River Discharge Seasonality for Selected West African River Basins

Babalola¹,

Oguntunde²,

Ajayi³

et al. 2021

Weather Forecasting

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The changing climate is a concern to sustainable water resources. This study examined climate change impacts on river discharge seasonality in two West African river basins; the Niger river basin and the Hadejia-Jama’are Komadugu-Yobe Basin (HJKYB). The basins have their gauges located within Nigeria and cover the major climatic settings. Here, we set up and validated the hyper resolution global hydrological model PCR-GLOBWB for these rivers. Time series plots as well five performance evaluation metrics such as Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE),); the ratio of RMSE-observations standard deviation (RSR); per cent bias (PBIAS); the Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency criteria (NSE); and, the coefficient of determination (r2), were employed to verify the PCR-GLOBWB simulation capability. The validation results showed from satisfactory to very good on individual rivers as specified by PBIAS (−25 to 0.8), NSE (from 0.6 to 0.8), RSR (from 0.62 to 0.4), r2 (from 0.62 to 0.88), and KGE (from 0.69 to 0.88) respectively. The impact assessment was performed by driving the model with climate projections from five global climate models for the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. We examined the median and range of expected changes in seasonal discharge in the far future (2070–2099). Our results show that the impacts of climate change cause a reduction in discharge volume at the beginning of the high flow period and an increase in discharge towards the ending of the high flow period relative to the historical period across the selected rivers. In the Niger river basin, at the Lokoja gauge, projected decreases added up to 512 m3/s under RCP 4.5 (June to July) and 3652 m3/s under RCP 8.5 (June to August). The three chosen gauges at the HJKYB also showed similar impacts. At the Gashua gauge, discharge volume increased by 371 m3/s (RCP8.5) and 191 m3/s (RCP4.5) from August to November. At the Bunga gauge, a reduction/increase of -91 m3/s/+84 m3/s (RCP 8.5) and -40 m3/s/+31 m3/s/(RCP 4.5) from June to July/August to October was simulated. While at the Wudil gauge, a reduction/increase in discharge volumes of −39/+133 m3/s (RCP8.5) and −40/133 m3/s (RCP 4.5) from June to August/September to December is projected. This decrease is explained by a delayed start of the rainy season. In all four rivers, projected river discharge seasonality is amplified under the high-end emission scenario (RCP8.5). This finding supports the potential advantages of reduced greenhouse gas emissions for the seasonal river discharge regime. Our study is anticipated to provide useful information to policymakers and river basin development authorities, leading to improved water management schemes within the context of changing climate and increasing need for agricultural expansion.

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“…The dilemma of equity and justice in climate change adaptation takes different dimensions in Nigeria. In Nigeria, like many developing countries, contributing minimally to climate change issues, climate variability has become a significant threat to survival and sustainable development, especially for vulnerable individuals and communities (Ilevbare 2019). Nigeria is vulnerable to climate security issues with low adaptive capacity.…”

Section: Equity and Justice In Adaptation Policies And Practices In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Equity and Justice in Climate Change Adaptation: Policy and Practical Implication in Nigeria

Oramah¹,

Olsen²

2020

African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation

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Over the past decade, justice and equity have become a quasi-universal answer to problems of environmental governance. The principles of justice and equity emerged as a useful entry point in global governance to explore the responsibilities, distribution, and procedures required for just climate change adaptation. These principles are designed primarily through the establishment of funding mechanisms, top-down guides, and frameworks for adaptation, and other adaptation instruments from the UNFCCC process, to ensure effective adaptation for vulnerable countries like Nigeria that have contributed least to the issue of climate change but lack adaptive capacity. Global adaptation instruments have been acknowledged for adaptation in Nigeria. Climate change has a detrimental impact on Nigeria as a nation, with the burden falling disproportionately on the local government areas. As Nigeria develop national plans and policies to adapt to the consequences of climate change, these plans will have significant consequences for local government areas where adaptation practices occur. Although the local government’s adaptation burden raises the prospects for justice and equity, its policy and practical implication remains less explored. This chapter explores the principles of justice and equity in national adaptation policy and adaptation practices in eight local government areas in southeast Nigeria. The chapter argues that some factors make it challenging to achieve equity and justice in local adaptation practices. With the use of a qualitative approach (interview (n = 52), observation, and document analysis), this chapter identified some of the factors that constraints equity and justice in local government adaptation in southeast Nigeria.

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Investigating Effects of Climate Change on Health Risks in Nigeria

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Assessing the Vulnerability and Adaptation Needs of Mozambique’s Health Sector to Climate Change: A Comprehensive Study

Assessing the Vulnerability and Adaptation Needs of Mozambique’s Health Sector to Climate Change: A Comprehensive Study

Future Climate Change Impacts on River Discharge Seasonality for Selected West African River Basins

Equity and Justice in Climate Change Adaptation: Policy and Practical Implication in Nigeria

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