Investigating Antioxidant Properties of the Diterpenes from Seeds of Phalaris canariensis

Abstract

Aims: The role of free radical reactions in disease pathology is well established, suggesting that these reactions are necessary for normal metabolism but can be detrimental to health as well acting on different levels in an oxidative sequences, the antioxidants prevents the risk of several aging related diseases including cancer, cardio vascular disorder, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders and others. Main methods: Bioactivity-guided fractionation of a hexane extract of the seeds of P. canariensis afforded three new diterpenes: Canarien A-C, their structures were established based on interpretation of their MS, as well as 1D and 2D NMR data. In this study, investigating the antioxidant activities of Canarien A-C, which have been evaluated in assay •OH, •O 2 − , DPPH•, HOCl•, NO, ONOO•, H 2 O 2 , ORAC, SOD, ABTS +-scavenging assays, Fe 2+chelating, lipid peroxidation, inhibition lipoxygenase (LOX) and determination of enzymatic antioxidants activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (CSH-Px) in liver. Key findings: The three diterpenes showed effective Hdonor, free radical scavenging, metal chelating ability, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation compared to standard antioxidants such as BHT, α-tocopherol, curcumin, BHA and quercetin. In addition showed inhibition of lipoxygenase and a moderate increase in the activity of enzymes SOD, CAT, GSH and CSH-Px in liver. Significance: It may be concluded that hexane extract and diterpenes from P. canariensis seeds acts as an antioxidant and ROS scavenger, may protect against oxidative stress and hepatic damages.

Free Radical Scavenging and In vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Bugnay (Antidesma bunius) Leaves Extract against A549 Human Lung Adenocarcinoma and HCT-116 Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

“…Several studies revealed phytochemical compounds that exhibit free radical scavenging activity, which was present in A. bunius leaves extract. Such compounds include unsaturated lactones, saponins, diterpenes, phenolics, and tannins (Yang, et al, 2016;Chen, et al, 2014;Perez and Ahuatzi, 2015;Daglia, 2012).…”

“…In recent years, evidence has shown that small amounts of phenolics have modulatory effects on selective intracellular signaling pathways critical for cellular functions such as proliferation and apoptosis (Ozcan, et al, 2014). Diterpenes, on the other hand, are found to be effective antioxidant by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and lipoxygenase (Perez and Ahuatzi, 2015).…”

A review of phytoconstituents and biological activities of genus Phalaris

“…Gramine ( 11) is a common indole alkaloid in Poaceae family and was isolated from P. arundinacea and root of P. aquatic and other gramine derivatives (12)(13)(14) were isolated from P. aquatic In addition of two oxindoles alkaloids and one furanobisindole type (20)(21)(22) were found in P. coerulescens, together with tryptamine derivatives (16-19) from P. arundinacea and P. tuberosa. Finally two other classes of alkaloids, phenethyl amine and tetrahydro-β-carboline, (15,23) were found in P. arundinacea [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

“…Abietane diterpenes were isolated from hexane fraction of P. canariensis seeds including canarien A (24), abietatrien-3bacetyl-6,19-olide (34) and abietatrien-3β-acetyl-2bol-6,19olide (35) [22,23] . Furthermore, diterpenes of pimaranes type were reported from hexane fraction of P. canariensis seeds such as canarien B (25) (32), and 19hydroxy-3β,11α-diacetylpimara-15-ene (33) [22,23].…”