Investigação de um sistema de alimentação em recém-nascidos prematuros a partir de estimulação gustativa

Abstract

Source: bolsa ao estudante PIBIC/FAPITEC Conflict of interest: non existent behavior, brought with them to design the newborn as a being without skills or abilities. In this sense, refers to the existence of Thoman 1 some myths about childhood, including newborn (NB) human being deemed deficient at birth, incomplete, immature and unfinished being seen essentially reflection mode and no ability to learn and socializing.In contrast, when the holistic, humanistic, researches 2,3 assumptions are adopted studies on the development began to seek to understand the organization of social and biological behavior of human beings, from a variety of events, where the RN responds to environmental and social stimuli, being influenced and influencing the environment in which they live. This assumption, the human being has a wide behavioral repertoire at birth and ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate the existence of the alimentation system in premature newborns in response to gustatory stimulation. Methods: experimental, analytical, double-blind study. 90 premature newborns of a public maternity in Sergipe took part in the test which was filmed and divided into three parts of five minutes. In the first and last, there was no stimulus; in the second, the gustatory stimulation was applied and the newborn children were divided into two groups (water or sucrose). We studied the specific behaviors suction right and left hands, tongue protrusion and suction movements in behavioral states deep sleep, light sleep, drowsy, restless / irritable and crying. In the statistical analysis of the population, average, standard deviation and prevalence studies were performed. We used the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test to compare averages. The Spearman test observed correlation between behavioral states at each time of the test. The p value was significant when less than 0.05. Results: independent of the given stimulus, the correlation increased in all specific behaviors. Comparing the groups separately, after stimulation, we observed an increase in correlation in right hand suction and tongue protrusion for both. The same happened in suction, except for the agitated/irritated state. After stimulation, there was a higher correlation to the behavior of left hand suction in the sucrose group when compared to water. The results show that gustatory stimuli may contribute to the readiness to feed this population. Conclusions: it was found in premature newborns an increased in correlation for the specific behaviors related to the alimentation system after oral stimulation, which envisions the possibility of gustatory stimulation be used for activating a alimentation system in premature newborns.

Análise do conteúdo e aparência do protocolo de acompanhamento fonoaudiológico - aleitamento materno

“…Deep sleep: Regular breathing; eyes closed, without presence of nystagmus; absence of spontaneous motor activity (17) ;…”

“…Light sleep: Irregular breathing; eyes closed, with movement; occurrence of eye opening; low level of motor activity (17) ; Sleepy: Eyes generally open (blurred), with heavy, trembling and / or closed eyelid; level of spontaneous and soft motor activity (17) ;…”

“…Alert: Eyes open (bright eyes) or closed, with clear concentration activity; low level of global motor activity (17) ;…”

“…Angry: Eyes open or closed (tight), with high level of motor activity. Grunts and vocalizations may occur (17) ; Crying: Eyes closed (tight); high level of motor activity; presence of startle and / or tremors; intense cry (17) .…”

“…Pursuit reflex: When the lips and/or cheeks are stimulated, NB moves the face towards the stimulus, with mouth opening (17) ; Suction movement: Visualization of retraction and rhythmic movements in the buccal region (cheeks);…”