Invertrons, a class of structurally and functionally related genetic elements that includes linear DNA plasmids, transposable elements, and genomes of adeno-type viruses.

Sakaguchi, Kenji

doi:10.1128/mmbr.54.1.66-74.1990

Cited by 100 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The discovery of protein bound covalently to the 5' DNA termini of Streptomyces linear plasmids and the presence of terminal inverted repeat sequences similar those found on adenoviruses of eukaryotic cells, linear plasmids of higher plants, and the linear Bacillus phage f 29 initially suggested a phylogenetic relationship between Streptomyces linear plasmids and other linear replicons (Sakaguchi, 1990;Meinhardt et al, 1990;Hinnebusch and Tilly, 1993). The first evidence that linear plasmids of Streptomyces are phylogenetically distinct from these other linear extrachromosomal elements came from studies showing that Streptomyces linear plasmids do not require telomeres for replication (Shiffman and Cohen, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been known for more than a decade that Streptomyces contain stably inherited linear plasmids, which can be greater than 500 kb in length (Kinashi et al, 1987;Sakaguchi, 1990; for a review, see Hinnebusch and Tilly, 1993). Like the linear replicons of adenovirus and B. subtilis phage f 29 (for a review, see Salas, 1991), Streptomyces linear plasmids have protein attached covalently to their 5' DNA termini (Hirochika and Sakaguchi, 1982;Hirochika et al, 1984;Kinashi et al, 1987;Sakaguchi, 1990). However, unlike adenovirus and f 29, which initiate replication of full-length DNA strands at the telomeres by a protein-primed strand-displacement mechanism (for a review, see Salas, 1991), the Streptomyces linear plasmid pSLA2 (Hirochika and Sakaguchi, 1982) was recently shown to replicate bi-directionally towards the telomeres from a site located near the centre of the molecule (Chang and Cohen, 1994); at the telomeres, the ends of lagging-strand DNA are completed by non-displacing DNA synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Streptomyces linear plasmids that contain a phage‐like, centrally located, replication origin

Chang

Kim

Cohen

1996

Molecular Microbiology

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Unlike previously studied linear replicons containing 5' DNA termini covalently bound to protein, pSLA2, a 17 kb linear plasmid of Streptomyces rochei, initiates replication internally rather than at the telomeres (Chang and Cohen, 1994). Here we identify and characterize the replication origin of pSLA2, showing that it contains a series of direct repeats (iterons) within a centrally located gene encoding an essential DNA-binding protein (Rep1); a second essential protein (Rep2), which resembles prokaryotic DNA helicases and has ATPase activity stimulated by single-stranded DNA, is expressed from the same transcript. A 430 bp locus separated by almost 2 kb from the iterons of the origin specifies an as yet undefined additional function required in cis for plasmid replication. pSCL, a 12 kb linear plasmid of Streptomyces clavuligerus, contains, near the centre of the plasmid, a region configured like the pSLA2 origin. The replication regions of pSLA2 and pSCL, which are capable of propagating plasmid DNA in either a circular or linear form (Shiffman and Cohen, 1992; Chang and Cohen, 1994) resemble those of temperate bacteriophages of the Enterobacteriacae and Bacillus. Our observations suggest that Streptomyces linear plasmids may occupy an evolutionarily intermediate position between circular plasmids and linear phage replicons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Streptomyces linear plasmids that contain a phage‐like, centrally located, replication origin

Chang

Kim

Cohen

1996

Molecular Microbiology

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“…Invertron structures have been reported for numerous linear Streptomyces replicons (Sakaguchi, 1990;Hinnebusch and Tilly, 1993). These structures are characterized by the presence of TIRs associated with covalently bound proteins at the 5' extremity.…”

Section: Physical Map and Linearitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The unstable region of Streptomyces ambofaciens includes 210 kb terminal inverted repeats flanking the extremities of the linear chromosomal DNA

Leblond

Fischer

Francou

et al. 1996

Molecular Microbiology

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Physical maps of the chromosomes of three strains of Streptomyces ambofaciens were constructed by ordering Asel fragments generated from the genomic DNA as a single linear chromosome of about 8 Mb. The physical maps of the three strains were very similar. For strain DSM40697, a Dral map was obtained by positioning the Dral sites relative to the Asel map. Eighteen genetic markers as well as the deletable and amplifiable region were assigned to the Asel and Dral fragments in this strain. The resulting genetic map resembled that of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). The two terminal Asel fragments exhibited retarded pulsed-field gel electrophoresis mobility, demonstrating that proteins are covalently bound at this position. A restriction map of this region was made using four additional endonucleases. Repeated sequences present at both ends of the chromosome were mapped as long terminal inverted repeats stretching over 210 kb. This corresponds to the longest terminal inverted repeats so far characterized. The deletable region of S. ambofaciens was localized at the chromosomal extremities.

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“…Some of them were ¢rst identi¢ed genetically [8], before being physically detected by PFGE. The Streptomyces linear plasmids so far documented share common features with bacteriophages, adenovirus and linear plasmids from yeast in containing terminal inverted repeat sequences, with terminal proteins attached at both ends [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A linear plasmid temperature-sensitive for replication in Streptomyces hygroscopicus 10-22

Pang¹

2002

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Streptomyces hygroscopicus 10-22 harbors a conjugative, autonomously replicating linear plasmid pHZ6 of ca. 70 kb, which shows no obvious homology with chromosomal DNA and is temperature-sensitive for replication, being stable in the host at 28³C but easily lost at 37³C. On a lawn of the wild-type S. hygroscopicus 10-22 cured of pHZ6, pHZ6 elicit pocks. Temperature sensitivity seemed to be a unique property for pHZ6 among six linear plasmids tested, including the well-known linear plasmids SLP2 in Streptomyces lividans 1326 and SCP1 in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). The distinct identity of pHZ6 from previously identified pHZ1^pHZ5 was demonstrated by the profile of relevant plasmids in six well-defined strains originated from S. hygroscopicus 10-22. ß

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Invertrons, a class of structurally and functionally related genetic elements that includes linear DNA plasmids, transposable elements, and genomes of adeno-type viruses.

Cited by 100 publications

References 51 publications

Streptomyces linear plasmids that contain a phage‐like, centrally located, replication origin

Streptomyces linear plasmids that contain a phage‐like, centrally located, replication origin

The unstable region of Streptomyces ambofaciens includes 210 kb terminal inverted repeats flanking the extremities of the linear chromosomal DNA

A linear plasmid temperature-sensitive for replication in Streptomyces hygroscopicus 10-22

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