Inverse Dynamics in Cycling Performance

Abstract

Abstract. Joint reaction forces and moments are of great interest for cyclists, coaches, therapists and medics because they give information about muscular effort and therefore cycling technique. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of pedalling rate and power on joint moments. An own mechanical construction was used to measure pedal forces, kinematic data was recorded and joint moment calculations were solved on a computer for ankle, knee and hip with help of a link segment model. Results show an increase of moments with increase of power and decrease of pedal rate.

Bio-mechanical aspects of elite cyclists’ motor system adaptation in process of competition activity

“…Choice of biomechanically the most reasonable zone of maximal force application in pedaling cycle is a decisive condition, determining pedaling technique's effectiveness [31]. Horizontal components of forces are of special significance.…”

“…These questions are connected with searching of laws of individual adaptive reactions in motor system [24]. Differentiated character of their manifestation depends on specificities of different physical qualities' development [30,31].…”

Biomechanical Computer Models

“…Some selected MB applications are for instance simulations for impact analysis (Gruber et al,1998), investigations of the trampoline jumping (Blajer & Czaplicki, 2001), studies about walking and running (Wojtyra, 2003) or the discussion of forces encountered in bicycle sports (Wangerin et al, 2007). Multi body systems can be used in two different ways: as forward or as inverse models.…”

“…• Numerical models using finite elements (FEM) or computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have been successfully applied to a variety of biomechanical problems such as improving injury prevention (Penrose & Hose, 1998), ameliorating the design of equipment (Dabnichki & Avital, 2006) and for optimising movement techniques (Wangerin et al, 2007). Both types of models have their advantages and disadvantages: numerical models enable the computation of the whole body's deformation, whereas multi-body models only provide forces at a limited number of body points.…”

Biomechanical justification of the choice of optimum mode for passing the individual pursuit race

“…The functionality of the person is fully realized in the competitive exercise by means of sports result [1][2][3]. The sports result is a systemically important factor which provides selection and degree of involvement in certain components.…”