Invasive Candidiasis: Update and Current Challenges in the Management of This Mycosis in South America

Riera, Fernando; Caeiro, Juan Pablo; Angiolini, Sofia Carla; Vigezzi, Cecilia; Rodrı́guez, Eduardo; Icely, Paula Alejandra; Sotomayor, Claudia Elena

doi:10.3390/antibiotics11070877

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…Invasive candidiasis is the cause of unacceptable high mortality rates ranging from 30 to 70% in different parts of the world [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], and the treatment of life-threatening Candida infections has been limited to just three drug classes [ 2 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lower Concentrations of Amphotericin B Combined with Ent-Hardwickiic Acid Are Effective against Candida Strains

et al. 2023

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Life-threatening Candida infections have increased with the COVID-19 pandemic, and the already limited arsenal of antifungal drugs has become even more restricted due to its side effects associated with complications after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Drug combination strategies have the potential to reduce the risk of side effects without loss of therapeutic efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination of ent-hardwickiic acid with low concentrations of amphotericin B against Candida strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined for amphotericin B and ent-hardwickiic acid as isolated compounds and for 77 combinations of amphotericin B and ent-hardwickiic acid concentrations that were assessed by using the checkerboard microdilution method. Time–kill assays were performed in order to assess the fungistatic or fungicidal nature of the different combinations. The strategy of combining both compounds markedly reduced the MIC values from 16 µg/mL to 1 µg/mL of amphotericin B and from 12.5 µg/mL to 6.25 µg/mL of ent-hardwickiic acid, from isolated to combined, against C. albicans resistant to azoles. The combination of 1 µg/mL of amphotericin B with 6.25 µg/mL of ent-hardwickiic acid killed all the cells of the same strain within four hours of incubation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Candida albicans has been reported as a predominant species involved in invasive candidiasis around the world [ 3 , 4 ], the proportion of this infection caused by non- albicans species has grown in recent decades [ 1 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Concentrations of Amphotericin B Combined with Ent-Hardwickiic Acid Are Effective against Candida Strains

et al. 2023

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“…The yeast C. parapsilosis is the most common source of BSI among Candida spp. [ 14 , 15 ]. Moreover, it is often a strong biofilm producer known to colonize medical devices [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilms Underlying Catheter-Related Bloodstream Coinfection by Enterobacter cloacae Complex and Candida parapsilosis

et al. 2022

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Biofilm-associated infections are a public health concern especially in the context of healthcare-associated infections such as catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). We evaluated the biofilm formation and antimicrobials resistance (AMR) of Enterobacter cloacae complex and Candida parapsilosis co-isolated from a CRBSI patient. Antimicrobial susceptibility of central venous catheters (CVCs) and hemoculture (HC) isolates was evaluated, including whole genome sequencing (WGS) resistome analysis and evaluation of gene expression to obtain insight into their AMR determinants. Crystal violet assay was used to assess dual biofilm biomass and microscopy was used to elucidate a microorganism’s distribution within biofilms assembled on different materials. Bacteria were multidrug-resistant including resistance to colistin and beta-lactams, likely linked to the mcr-9-like phosphoethanolamine transferase and to an ACT family cephalosporin-hydrolyzing class C beta-lactamase, respectively. The R398I and Y132F mutations in the ERG11 gene and its differential expression might account for C. parapsilosis resistance to fluconazole. The phenotype of dual biofilms assembled on glass, polystyrene and polyurethane depends on the material and how biofilms were initiated by one or both pathogens. Biofilms assembled on polyurethane were denser and richer in the extracellular polymeric matrix, and microorganisms were differently distributed on the inner/outer surface of the CVC.

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“…Candida spp. are opportunistic fungal pathogens that can cause mycosis in humans [ 11 ]. The clinical manifestations of Candida spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticandidal and Antibiofilm Effect of Synbiotics including Probiotics and Inulin-Type Fructans

García‐Gamboa¹,

Domínguez-Simi²,

Gradilla‐Hernández

et al. 2022

Antibiotics

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Background: There is great interest in the search for new alternatives to antimicrobial drugs, and the use of synbiotics is a promising approach to this problem. This study evaluated the growth inhibition and antibiofilm activity of the short-chain fatty acids produced by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Pediococcus acidilactici in combination with inulin-type fructans against Candida albicans. Methods: The growth inhibition of Candida was evaluated using microdilution analysis in 96-well microtiter plates; different concentrations of cell-free supernatants of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Pediococcus acidilactici were exposed to Candida albicans. The antibiofilm assessment was carried out using the crystal violet staining assay. The short-chain fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. Results: The clinically isolated Candida albicans interacted with supernatants from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Pediococcus acidilactici and showed significant growth inhibition and antibiofilm formation versus the controls. Lactate and acetic acid were elevated in the supernatants. The results suggest that the supernatants obtained from the synbiotic combinations of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Pediococcus acidilactici with inulin-type fructans can inhibit the growth and biofilm formation against a clinically isolated Candida albicans strain. Conclusions: These results suggest that synbiotic formulations could be a promising alternative to antifungal drugs in candidiasis therapy.

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Invasive Candidiasis: Update and Current Challenges in the Management of This Mycosis in South America

Cited by 36 publications

References 102 publications

Lower Concentrations of Amphotericin B Combined with Ent-Hardwickiic Acid Are Effective against Candida Strains

Lower Concentrations of Amphotericin B Combined with Ent-Hardwickiic Acid Are Effective against Candida Strains

Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilms Underlying Catheter-Related Bloodstream Coinfection by Enterobacter cloacae Complex and Candida parapsilosis

Anticandidal and Antibiofilm Effect of Synbiotics including Probiotics and Inulin-Type Fructans

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