Inuit identity and regionalization in the Canadian Central and Eastern Arctic: a survey of writings about Nunavut

Légaré, André

doi:10.1080/10889370701742845

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…On la retrouve enfin dans la volonté de contrôler les activités de chasse des Inuit au nom de la conservation et de la protection des espèces (Tester et Kulchyski 2007). Dans ce contexte, on peut se demander si le gouvernement du Nunavut donne plus d'autonomie aux Inuit ou s'il s'agit simplement d'une structure postcoloniale qui répond principalement aux normes de rationalité occidentales (Baglow 2010;Légaré 2010). De plus, on peut s'interroger sur la façon dont cette gouvernance s'insère dans les systèmes de gouverne propres aux sociétés inuit.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Le Nunavut: une composition inachevée?

Rodon

2015

etudinuit

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L’expérience du Nunavut est basée sur un compromis entre la volonté des Inuit de reconquérir une certaine autonomie et celle du gouvernement fédéral d’assurer sa souveraineté sur l’Arctique canadien et d’obtenir une certitude juridique pour l’exploitation des ressources du Nunavut. Dans ce contexte, on peut se demander si le gouvernement du Nunavut donne plus d’autonomie aux Inuit ou s’il s’agit simplement d’une structure postcoloniale qui répond principalement aux normes de rationalité occidentales. Le concept de «composition» proposé par Latour nous offre une façon de comprendre les relations entre la gouverne inuit et occidentale au Nunavut. Dans cet article, ce sont donc les interrelations des acteurs, des visions et des institutions qui forment le cadre de notre analyse de la composition du Nunavut. Après une caractérisation de la gouverne dans les sociétés inuit, nous verrons à travers l’analyse des compromis, des institutions et des pratiques du Nunavut comment gouvernance inuit et rationalité gouvernementale occidentale interagissent au sein du nouveau territoire.The experience of Nunavut is based on a compromise between the desire of the Inuit to regain some autonomy and the federal government’s wish to ensure its sovereignty over the Canadian Arctic and secure legal certainty for resource development in Nunavut. In this context, one may wonder whether the Nunavut government is giving the Inuit more autonomy or whether it is simply a postcolonial structure that responds mainly to Western norms of rationality. Latour’s concept of “composition” offers us a way to understand the relationships between Inuit and Western processes of governing in Nunavut. In this article, the interrelationships among actors, visions, and institutions therefore form a framework for our analysis of the composition of Nunavut. After characterizing the process of governance in Inuit societies, we will see via analysis of Nunavut compromises, institutions, and practices how Inuit governance and Western governmental rationality interact in the new territory

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Le Nunavut: une composition inachevée?

Rodon

2015

etudinuit

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The Main Scenarios for the Formation of Territorial Autonomies in the Modern World (Constitutional and Legal Aspect)

Ирхин

2019

Lex Russica

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As part of the analysis of the practices of institutionalization of constitutional and legal status of territorial autonomies of Bolivia, Great Britain, Denmark, India, Indonesia, Canada, China, Moldova, Uzbekistan, Finland on the basis of the criteria and methods of their formation, it is indicated that there are two main scenarios. According to the first one, territorial autonomies are formed on the basis of international and national legal acts. The second scenario assumes the formation of autonomies based on national legal acts only.In the structure of the first scenario, territorial autonomies formed as a result of negotiations between the parties to the conflict (confrontation model) and in the Directive order (Directive model) are separated. In the structure of the second scenario, territorial autonomies established following the negotiations on the basis a peaceful compromise or as a result of confrontation (consensus and confrontation models), as well as autonomies formed unilaterally (policy model) are highlighted.The conceptual requirements for the successful institutionalization of territorial autonomy are as follows: the presence of rooted in society and the state traditions of democracy and the rule of law; the establishment of a real regime of internal self-government; limited material and financial resources and the resulting dependence on the state; the absence of disputes about sovereignty; clarity of the formal legal structure of the constitutional legal status; small population and the territory of autonomy. In this case, the structure and content of these requirements are very mobile, and therefore can be combined in different proportions with different specific gravity.Typical examples of the most stable territorial autonomies (in terms of territorial integrity and unity of the state), in which these conditions are present in different volumes, are the autonomies of Bolivia, the Aland Islands, the Faroe Islands, Hong Kong and Macao. This category can also include Karakalpakstan and Nunavut because of their total dependence on the support of national governments.In turn, the potential for the development of separatist tendencies remains in the UK (Scotland, Northern Ireland), India, Indonesia, China (Tibet), Moldova, and the Philippines.

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Shifting Safeties and Mobilities on the Land in Arctic North America: A Systematic Approach to Identifying the Root Causes of Disaster

Davis

Ford²,

Quinn³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Amid the surge in research on mobility and migration in the context of environmental change, little research has focused on the experiences of people for whom travel is cyclical and a part of daily, weekly, or seasonal life. For Inuit in Arctic North America, the land is the heart of cultural and community life. Disruption to time spent on the land is reported to impact the emotional health and well-being of individuals and communities. There is concern that environmental change is creating barriers to safe travel, constituting a creeping disaster. We systematically review and evaluate the literature for discussion of barriers to travel for Inuit in Arctic North America, using an approach from the field of disaster anthropology to identify root causes of constraints to mobility. We identify root causes of risk and barriers to time spent on the land. These emerge from historic and contemporary colonial policy and inequality, as opposed to environmental hazards per se, impacting people’s mobility in profound ways and enacting a form of slow violence. These results suggest a need to understand the underlying processes and institutions that put people at risk.

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Inuit identity and regionalization in the Canadian Central and Eastern Arctic: a survey of writings about Nunavut

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Le Nunavut: une composition inachevée?

Le Nunavut: une composition inachevée?

The Main Scenarios for the Formation of Territorial Autonomies in the Modern World (Constitutional and Legal Aspect)

Shifting Safeties and Mobilities on the Land in Arctic North America: A Systematic Approach to Identifying the Root Causes of Disaster

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