Those of us who study time frequently depict temporality as an artifact of traits (in psychology) or structures (in sociology). Yet close inspection of social interaction in natural settings does not support reductionism or determinism. Instead, we find that temporal structures are assembled by means of temporal agency, and, once established, are ongoingly affirmed and upheld or circumvented and challenged via temporal agency. Consider the following illustration.In his autobiography, Jacques Pépin's (2003: 14-15) mother confronts a temporal quandary. Her husband is away and fighting with the French Resistance during World War II, leaving her to care for three young boys. She places Roland, Jacques's older brother, "in Lycée St Louis, a boarding school in Bourg," but she is still overwhelmed by her responsibilities: "Between her 6-day-a-week job and her day-off food-gathering expeditions, not to mention caring for Bichon [his younger brother], who'd grown into a big active toddler, Maman did not have time to watch over me [italics added]. The solution was to see if she could prevail upon the Jesuit priests who ran Lycée St Louis to grant me what amounted to early admission" [italics added]. Jacques accompanies his mother when she goes to the boarding school: "We were shown into a dark reception room. A door shut behind us, and we waited." When, finally, le directeur arrives, the "tall, austere priest" is not moved by Maman's entreaties: "'The boy is not of age,' he said." Jacques's mother pleads with him "for a long time," and she is ultimately successful: "I'm not sure what she said, but somehow she accomplished a minor miracle: she got le directeur to change his mind and, more impressive, to bend one of Lycée St Louis's strict rules."Of course, Pépin's sympathies are with his mother, so the story makes it easy for us to recognize "time work" in Maman's strategy for reducing the temporal burden of her obligations (Flaherty, 2003(Flaherty, , 2020. From this standpoint, her effort seems agentive, clever, noble, even heroic. It is more difficult to see that, long before she arrived at their door, Jesuit priests were engaged in an institutional form of temporal agency when they established a minimum age requirement for