Introduction: Trial Consulting from a Psycholegal Perspective

Wiener, Richard L.; Bornstein, Brian H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7569-0_1

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Various studies in social psychology have shown that the jury’s composition and dynamics influences the outcome of its deliberation (Bornstein & Greene, 2011; Hastie, 1993; Lieberman, 2011; Winter & Robicheaux, 2011), often lead to a malfunction in jury trials. These factors intervene directly in the three phases of the trial: i) the way jurors use information they obtain before trial; ii) the way they process information during the trial; and iii) how they deliberate, after the evidence has been presented.…”

Section: The Scene: the Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime and Punishment: the Impact of Skin Color and Socioeconomic Status of Defendants and Victims in Jury Trials in Brazil

Silva¹,

Lima

2016

Span. J. Psychol.

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Social judgments are often influenced by racism. Voluntary crimes against life, and in particular the crime of homicide, may be the most critical situations of the impact of racism in social judgments. We analyzed 114 homicide trials conducted by the 1st Jury Court, in a Brazilian judicial capital, concluded between 2003 and 2007, for the purpose of investigating the effects of skin color and the socioeconomic status of the defendant and the victim of homicides in the jury trial court's decision. The results indicate that the social and economic profile of defendants and victims of homicide is identical. They are almost all poor (more than 70%), with low education (more than 73%) and frequently non-Whites (more than 88%). We found that judges assign longer sentences to black (β = .34, p = .01) and poor defendants (β = .23, p < .05). We even verified that the poorer the defendant, the higher was the corresponding conviction rate (Wald's Test = 5.90, p < .05). The results are discussed based on theories of social psychology and criminological sociology, which consider the relationship between skin color and socioeconomic status in social judgments and in discrimination.

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Section: The Scene: the Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%