Introduction to Statistics with SPSS

Baarda, D. B.; Goede, M.P.M. de; Dijkum, C. J. van

doi:10.4324/9781003021704

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…SAS 9.4 was performed to analyze the mean comparison of the parental phenotypic data and the normal distribution test (variation range, mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis) and correlation analysis for the crude protein, NDF, ADF, and lignin of F 1 population. The frequency distribution of the F 1 population phenotypic data was plotted using SPSS 18.0 (Baarda and van Dijkum, 2019). The broad sense heritability (H 2 ) of each trait was calculated using the ANOVA function of the software QTL-IciMapping (Meng et al, 2015).…”

Section: Phenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Genetic Loci Associated With Crude Protein Content and Fiber Composition in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Using QTL Mapping

et al. 2021

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Forage quality determined mainly by protein content and fiber composition has a crucial influence on digestibility and nutrition intake for animal feeding. To explore the genetic basis of quality traits, we conducted QTL mapping based on the phenotypic data of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and lignin of an F1 alfalfa population generated by crossing of two alfalfa parents with significant difference in quality. In total, 83 QTLs were identified with contribution to the phenotypic variation (PVE) ranging from 1.45 to 14.35%. Among them, 47 QTLs interacted significantly with environment and 12 QTLs were associated with more than one trait. Epistatic effect was also detected for 73 pairs of QTLs with PVE of 1.08–14.06%. The results suggested that the inheritance of quality-related traits was jointly affected by additive, epistasis and environment. In addition, 83.33% of the co-localized QTLs were shared by ADF and NDF with the same genetic direction, while the additive effect of crude protein-associated QTLs was opposite to that fiber composition on the same locus, suggesting that the loci may antagonistically contribute to protein content and fiber composition. Further analysis of a QTL related to all the three traits of fiber composition (qNDF1C, qADF1C-2, and qlignin1C-2) showed that five candidate genes were homologs of cellulose synthase-like protein A1 in Medicago truncatula, indicating the potential role in fiber synthesis. For the protein-associated loci we identified, qCP4C-1 was located in the shortest region (chr 4.3 39.3–39.4 Mb), and two of the seven corresponding genes in this region were predicted to be E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase in protein metabolism. Therefore, our results provide some reliable regions significantly associated with alfalfa quality, and identification of the key genes would facilitate marker-assisted selection for favorable alleles in breeding program of alfalfa quality improvement.

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Section: Phenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Genetic Loci Associated With Crude Protein Content and Fiber Composition in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Using QTL Mapping

et al. 2021

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“…For the convenience of fitting, the parameters under different puffing drying conditions were averaged to obtain six fitting points. Through the analysis software, the curve estimation of the fitting relationship between the mean ratio of each parameter and the expansion rate was carried out (Baarda & van Dijkum, 2019; Pengfei et al, 2022), and it was found that both did not obey the linear fitting relationship. To ensure an excellent fitting effect and make the fitting equation simpler and easier to use, a nonlinear relationship formula was used for expression as follows, yields:

Y = {italicaX}^{3} + {italicbX}^{2} + cX + d

where Y represents the expansion rate (rehydration ratio); X represents the mean ratio of microscopic cell parameters; a , b , c , and d are the coefficients, and the fitting results are depicted in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural study of apple slices during hot air‐explosion puffing drying

Yuan,

Deng,

Wang

et al. 2023

J Food Process Engineering

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In order to reveal the change laws of microstructure in apple slices during hot air‐explosion puffing drying, the microstructure images and parameters of apple slices under different drying conditions were obtained by using paraffin sectioning, microscopic observation, and image processing techniques with apples as raw material and CO2 as drying medium. Subsequently, the changes in internal cell and pore structure of dried apple slices were analyzed, as well as the relationship between micro‐parameters of apple slices and macro‐measurement indicators was further obtained. Results indicated that the overall cross‐sectional area, cross‐sectional perimeter, equivalent diameter, and porosity of cells increased by explosion puffing drying, while the cell roundness and wall roughness factors changed relatively little. Meanwhile, macro–micro parameters of expanded apples were fitted and analyzed. Then, the obtained mathematical model showed a nonlinear correlation as experimental and predicted results exhibited good agreement, with determination coefficients R2 more significant than 0.8, which could better expect the macro–microparameters to change in the drying process. The results of this research could provide an essential reference for exploring the change laws of tissue microstructure parameters in apples dried by hot air‐explosion puffing drying, with expansion and rehydration ratios under different experimental conditions, as well as optimizing the puffing drying process and designing corresponding drying equipment.Practical ApplicationsFresh apples have high moisture content and are not easy to store, so drying is usually used to reduce the moisture content to extend shelf time and increase economic benefits. For the drying process of fruit and vegetable products, scholars mainly focused on the influence of microstructure parameters on moisture migration, drying rate, heat and mass transfer and other factors, but did not give a quantitative description of how microstructure parameters affect macroscopic parameters. In this article, the relationship between microstructural changes and macroscopic indicators was investigated by taking puffed apple slices as an example. Research could provide an essential reference for exploring the change laws of tissue microstructure parameters in apples dried by hot air‐explosion puffing drying, with expansion and rehydration ratios under different experimental conditions, as well as optimizing the puffing drying process and designing corresponding drying equipment.

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“…The statistical methodology employed in this study was the use of a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the least significant difference (LSD) test at a significance level of 0.05. This approach was utilized to compare the differences between the various groups [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Sodium Thiosulfate and Resveratrol in Remodeling Lung Injury and Expression of BCL2 in Nicotine-Stressed Rats

Al-Tamemi,

Al-Okaily

2024

UPJOZ

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Background and Objective: Nicotine is linked to the development of several illnesses, including cancer The current study aimed to assess the ability of sodium thiosulfate (STS) to decrease the harmful effects of nicotine in lungs and gene expression of Bcl2 gene in rats and compare them with resveratrol (RES) supplement. Methods: Thirty-six male rats, Rattus norvegicus (weighing 190–220 g) were chosen randomly and separated into six equal groups. Animals in the control group were administered an intraperitoneal injection of normal saline, while those in group G1 were injected (I/P) with nicotine (1.5 mg/kg b.wt.). G2: were injected I/P with STS (450 mg/kg b.wt) and nicotine (1.5 mg/kg b.wt). G3: rats were gavaged with resveratrol supplement (87 mg/kg b.wt) and (I/P) injected with nicotine at the same dose. G4 group were (I/P) injected with STS (450 mg/kg b.wt) and administered (RES) (87 mg/kg b.wt) plus injected with nicotine (1.5 mg/kg b.wt). I/P injections of STS (450 mg/kg b.wt) and Resveratrol (87 mg/kg body weight) were given to group G5. All groups were administered for 28 days, after 24 hours after the last administration, all animals were sacrificed, and tissue specimens were collected from the lung for histopathological changes and for gene expression analysis of Bcl2. Results: The results of Lung sections for G1 showed severe peribronchiolar and perivascular lymphocytic cuffs, congestion, pulmonary emphysema, cuboidal metaplasia of the bronchiolar epithelium, granulomatous inflammation, thickening in the alveolar walls, and severe hemorrhage with hemosiderosis as compared with other experimental groups while group G2 showed that STS attenuating the effect of nicotine on lung tissue characterized by normal bronchioles which lined by normal columnar epithelium with scattered macrophages slight perivascular lymphocytic cuffs, a few desquamations of the bronchiolar epithelium, G3 group which administered RES showed that some alveoli had thickened walls; others showed slightly distended walls, few infiltrations of macrophages and lymphocytes, and desquamation of the bronchiolar epithelium. Moreover sections of lungs for G4 that administered both STS and RES with nicotine showed that most alveoli were normal, with slight thickening in their walls and slight blood vessel congestion. Furthermore, results represented a significant decrease in expression of the BCl2 gene for G1 compared with other groups. In contrast, a significant increase in the fold change of the BCL2 gene was observed in the G2, G3, G4, and G5 groups, indicating the protective effects of RES and STS on histopathological sections and fold change for the BCL2 gene against nicotine-stressed rats. Conclusion: Rats who received STS showed more effectiveness in modulating the bad effects of nicotine than those who received RES, which can give an idea that STS is more effective as an antioxidant than RES.

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Introduction to Statistics with SPSS

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Identification of Genetic Loci Associated With Crude Protein Content and Fiber Composition in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Using QTL Mapping

Identification of Genetic Loci Associated With Crude Protein Content and Fiber Composition in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Using QTL Mapping

Microstructural study of apple slices during hot air‐explosion puffing drying

Effectiveness of Sodium Thiosulfate and Resveratrol in Remodeling Lung Injury and Expression of BCL2 in Nicotine-Stressed Rats

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