Introduction to Biotechnical and Biomedical Applications of Poly(Ethylene Glycol)

Harris, J. Milton

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0703-5_1

Cited by 865 publications

(1,204 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We can exploit these interactions in a solid support device by modifying the surface substrate with thin films and monolayers. 1 Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) can be engineered to exhibit a variety of chemical properties and reactivities making them hydrophobic, [2][3][4] repulsive, 5,6 or electrochemically active. [7][8][9][10] In practice, SAMs employing biotin have been studied in association with streptavidin conjugated to DNA, proteins, and nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and removal of alkylthiolate self-assembled monolayers on gold in aqueous solutions

Canaria

Maloney

et al. 2006

Lab Chip

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We report the development of novel reagents and approaches for generating recyclable biosensors. The use of aqueous media for the formation of protein binding alkylthiolate monolayers on Au surfaces results in accelerated alkylthiolate monolayer formation and improvement in monolayer integrity as visualized by fluorescence microscopy and CV techniques. We have also developed an electrocleaning protocol that is compatible with microfluidics devices, and this technique serves as an on-chip method for cleaning Au substrates both before and after monolayer formation. The techniques for the formation and dissociation of biotinylated SAMs from aqueous solvents reported here may be applied towards the development of Au-based sensor devices and microfluidics chips in the future. A potential use of these devices includes the specific capture and triggered release of target cells, proteins, or small molecules from liquid samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and removal of alkylthiolate self-assembled monolayers on gold in aqueous solutions

Canaria

Maloney

et al. 2006

Lab Chip

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“…Structural characterization of this type of polymer is important because polyglycols are widely used in industry with their properties strongly depending on not only molecular weights, but also structures and compositions. Recently, polyglycols have also been increasingly used in biotechnical and biomedical applications such as the development of slow releasing drugs [20,21]. Traditionally, polyglycols were thought to be difficult to fragment in low-energy CID tandem MS.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of poly(ethylene glycol) esters using low energy collision-induced dissociation in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Chen

2002

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A method of characterizing polyglycol esters, an important class of industrial polymer, has been developed using electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI ITMS). The fragmentation behavior of polyglycol esters is found to be different from that of polyglycols whose functional end groups are linked to the polymer chain via ether bonds (i.e., polyglycol ethers). The fragmentation pattern of an oligomer ion generated by low-energy collisioninduced dissociation is strongly dependent on the type of cation used for ionization. It is shown that structural information on the polymer chain and end groups is best obtained by examining the fragment ion spectra of oligomers ionized by ammonium, alkali, and transition metal ions. T andem mass spectrometry using either matrixassisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) or electrospray ionization (ESI) is being developed as a tool for polymer structural characterization [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. We are particularly interested in characterizing functional polyglycols, including poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), and their copolymers [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Structural characterization of this type of polymer is important because polyglycols are widely used in industry with their properties strongly depending on not only molecular weights, but also structures and compositions. Recently, polyglycols have also been increasingly used in biotechnical and biomedical applications such as the development of slow releasing drugs [20,21]. Traditionally, polyglycols were thought to be difficult to fragment in low-energy CID tandem MS. In our recent work, we demonstrated that lithium and transition metal ions could form adduct ions with polyglycol in ESI, and these adduct ions could readily undergo fragmentation [15,16]. The resulting fragment ion spectra were very informative for the structural characterization of polyglycol. Our previous study was focused on alcohol ethoxylates whose end-groups are linked to polyglycol chains via ether-type C™O bonds (i.e., polyglycol ethers). The results generated therein were compared to earlier studies of the same type of polyglycols employing fast atom bombardment (FAB) MS/MS by Latimer and coworkers [22][23][24][25].Poly(ethylene glycol) ester, especially fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate (FAMEE), is another class of polyglycol which can be used as an alternative to alcohol ethoxylates in many industrial applications. With varying alkyl chain lengths in the fatty acid moiety, a wide range of hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) values can be achieved to suit different applications [14]. They are extensively used as non-ionic bases for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, non-ionic emulsifiers for vegetable and mineral oils, thickening agents for creams, anti-static agents for plastics, and non-ionic surfactants. Despite active MS study on alcohol ethoxylates [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], the literature on ester ethoxylates is scarce [5,16,63].In this work, we report a metho...

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“…Lanolin wax and polyethylene glycols 4000 and 6000 showed the highest values of S toluene /S 2-propanol coefficients while stearin showed the lowest value. In the case of polyethylene glycols matrices, higher values of S toluene /S 2-propanol quotient are probably due to its amphiphilic property 16 and to the formation of enriched phases of polymer in these polyethylene glycols matrices thanks to the presence of hydrophobic groups of methylene along polymer chain that are inserted between the alcohol or ether groups 17 (Table 1). The results also showed that the harder matrices were polyethylene glycol 4000 and 6000 and carnauba wax, while the softer matrices were paraffin wax mp 53-57 °C and stearin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Properties and Field Evaluation of Monolithic Wax Formulations for the Controlled Release of a Forest Pest Pheromone

Slodowicz¹,

Ceriani-Nakamurakare²,

Carmarán³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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This work shows the way to develop a monolithic device for the release of an active agent. Different waxes to prepare monolithic dispensers were used. Studies to characterize the release rate of the pheromone dispensers, and to determine many physicochemical properties of the active components and waxes utilized as matrices, were conducted. The advantages of using monolithic devices as an insect pheromone dispenser in order to control an insect that attacks commercial poplar plantations were demonstrated. Also, the practical application employing monolithic dispensers manufactured in this paper with the sex pheromone of the ambrosia beetle Megaplatypus mutatus (Coleoptera: Platypodidae) was verified. This forest pest is known to attack tree plantations in South America. The release rates were mainly dependent of matrix hardness and viscosity, as well as the particle size of fillers. A good performance of the formulated monolithic dispensers was observed during the field trials, with a reduction of damage levels of 40%.

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Introduction to Biotechnical and Biomedical Applications of Poly(Ethylene Glycol)

Cited by 865 publications

References 45 publications

Formation and removal of alkylthiolate self-assembled monolayers on gold in aqueous solutions

Formation and removal of alkylthiolate self-assembled monolayers on gold in aqueous solutions

Characterization of poly(ethylene glycol) esters using low energy collision-induced dissociation in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Physicochemical Properties and Field Evaluation of Monolithic Wax Formulations for the Controlled Release of a Forest Pest Pheromone

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