Introduction

Schreier, Daniel; Trudgill, Peter; Schneider, Edgar W.; Williams, Jeffrey P.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511676529.002

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The question is whether present is was brought to Tristan as such or whether it originated as an independent innovation. Previous research (Schreier, 2003, 2010, 2014b; Schreier & Trudgill, 2006) has provided evidence that the British and St. Helenian groups were most influential in the formation period of TdCE and thus that there is a dialectological explanation for at least some distinctive local features 5 . This is not uncommon when English varieties form in colonial contexts (under conditions of dialect contact).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Super-leveling, fraying-out, internal restructuring: A century of presentbeconcord in Tristan da Cunha English

Schreier

2016

Lang Var Change

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The present study analyzes present be leveling with pivot is (as in I is, we is, the old dogs is) in Tristan da Cunha English, a variety of South Atlantic English that developed in geographic isolation and under intense contact conditions. The findings, based on data from a total of 45 speakers born throughout the 20th century, indicate that community-wide variation correlates with social history; whereas present be was subject to (near-)categorical leveling until the 1940s, an opening-up phase after World War II saw interaction with speakers of other dialects on the island, which triggered an increase of a standard am/is/are concord pattern. Variability began to increase from the 1950s onward and the community has now frayed out widely in its usage of leveled is forms (ranging from 10% to over 90% in speakers of the youngest generation, born in the 1980s). The internal constraint ranking for preceding environment in younger generations was partially restructured, which suggests that the social changes affected the grammatical variable. Three outliers represent exonormative orientation and outward mobility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…5.Whereas the role of British settlers was more prominent in segmental phonology (hence the survival of archaic features), the influence of StHE was particularly strong in the emerging morphosyntax of a local Tristan variety (Schreier, 2003, 2010, 2014b; Schreier & Trudgill, 2006). …”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Super-leveling, fraying-out, internal restructuring: A century of presentbeconcord in Tristan da Cunha English

Schreier

2016

Lang Var Change

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“…In quite a number of varieties of English an allophonic split also known as Canadian Raising – e.g. on Martha's Vineyard (Labov, 1963); Canada (Chambers, 1973); the Fens (Britain, 1997); St. Helena (Schreier, 2010); Mersea Island in Essex (Amos, 2011) – exists in which the onset of the diphthong is raised before voiceless consonants. However, the allophonic split in the Sussex data has a different distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sussex by the sea

Jansen¹,

Robinson²,

Cahill³

et al. 2020

English Today

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Dialects in the South East of England are very often perceived as one homogenous mass, without much regional variation. Rosewarne introduced the notion of Estuary English and defined it as ‘variety of modified regional speech [ . . . ] a mixture of non-regional and local south-eastern English pronunciation and intonation’ (Rosewarne, 1984). However, studies such as Przedlacka (2001) and Torgersen & Kerswill (2004) have shown that, at least on the phonetic level, distinct varieties exist. Nevertheless, very few studies have investigated language use in the South East and even fewer in the county of Sussex. It is often claimed that there is no distinct Sussex dialect (Coates, 2010: 29). Even in the earliest works describing the dialect of the area (Wright, 1903) there are suggestions that it cannot be distinguished from Hampshire in the west and Kent in the east.

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“…‘Lesser-known varieties of English’ (Schreier, 2009; Schreier et al, 2010) have received increasing attention in the last decade 1 . In particular, Englishes on islands with historical and political ties to the United Kingdom or the United States have been described, such as the varieties in Bermuda (Eberle, 2021), Samoa (Biewer, 2020), and Tristan da Cunha (Schreier, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

English in Madeira: History and features of a lesser-known variety in the Atlantic

2021

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‘Lesser-known varieties of English’ (Schreier, 2009; Schreier et al., 2010) have received increasing attention in the last decade. In particular, Englishes on islands with historical and political ties to the United Kingdom or the United States have been described, such as the varieties in Bermuda (Eberle, 2021), Samoa (Biewer, 2020), and Tristan da Cunha (Schreier, 2009). However, Madeira has hitherto received extraordinarily little attention, although it used to be home to a small but enormously influential group of British expatriates who controlled large parts of the economy and owned a considerable amount of land on the island. Even today, approximately 1,000 emigrants from the United Kingdom live permanently in Madeira, which constitutes the second largest group of foreign residents (DREM, 2020b: 11). ‘Madeira’ refers to both a Portuguese archipelago and this archipelago's main island located ca. 737 km west of Morocco's coast (see Figure 1). Overall, Madeira had a population of 267,785 in the last official census from 2011 and is a highly popular tourist destination, with roughly 8 million overnight stays by visitors in 2019 (DREM, 2020a).

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Introduction

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Super-leveling, fraying-out, internal restructuring: A century of presentbeconcord in Tristan da Cunha English

Super-leveling, fraying-out, internal restructuring: A century of presentbeconcord in Tristan da Cunha English

Sussex by the sea

English in Madeira: History and features of a lesser-known variety in the Atlantic

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