Introduction of canine parvovirus 2 into wildlife on the Island of Newfoundland, Canada

Canuti, Marta; Rodrigues, Bruce; Whitney, Hugh; Lang, Andrew S.

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2017.09.018

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Limited studies are available on the CPV non‐structural genes (Hoelzer et al, ; Pérez et al, ), and, only recently, the analysis of the NS1 gene sequence was included in the CPV phylogenies from several countries (Canuti, Rodrigues, Whitney, & Lang, ; Grecco et al, ; Mira, Canuti, et al, ; Mira, Purpari, et al, ; Zhuang et al, ). In this study, sequence analysis revealed aa changes previously described mainly in NS1/NS2 gene sequences of CPV‐2a/2c strains of Asian origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nearly full‐length genome characterization of canine parvovirus strains circulating in Nigeria

Ogbu

Mira

Purpari

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV‐2) emerged suddenly in the late 1970s as pathogen of dogs, causing a severe and often fatal gastroenteric disease. The original CPV‐2 was replaced by three antigenic variants, CPV‐2a, CPV‐2b and CPV‐2c, which to date have gained a worldwide distribution with different relative proportions. All previous studies conducted in Africa were based on partial VP2 gene sequences. The aim of this study was to provide a genome analysis to characterize the CPV strains collected in Nigeria, Africa. Rectal swab samples (n = 320) were collected in 2018 and tested by means of an immunochromatographic assay. Among the 144 positive samples, 59 were selected for further analyses using different molecular assays. The results revealed a high prevalence of CPV‐2c (91.5%) compared to the CPV‐2a variant (8.5%). The VP2 gene sequences showed a divergence from the strains analysed in 2010 in Nigeria and a closer connection with CPV strains of Asian origin. The non‐structural gene analysis evidenced amino acid changes never previously reported. The molecular analysis based on genomic sequences evidenced a geographical pattern of distribution of the analysed strains, suggesting a potential common evolutionary origin with CPV of Asian origin. This study represents the first CPV molecular characterization including all the encoding gene sequences conducted in the African continent and contributes to define the current geographical spread of the CPV variants worldwide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nearly full‐length genome characterization of canine parvovirus strains circulating in Nigeria

Ogbu

Mira

Purpari

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…DNA was isolated from approximately 10 mg of tissue using the DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen) and used for molecular screening. All samples were screened for protoparvoviruses (CPV-2 and FPV) and amdoparvoviruses (all known species) as described previously [21,30,31], but with the addition of a second amdoparvovirus PCR with primers SKAV-1F (CCAACAAGTAA TGACACCWTGG) and AMDO-6R (equimolar mixture of CTCCAGYAAAGTAACTACC and GTC CACCAACAAAGTAACTACC). This second primer pair, designed within a highly conserved genomic region identified based on sequence alignments of all currently known amdoparvoviruses, can potentially be used to amplify yet unknown viral lineages or species.…”

Section: Screening and Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While FPV-like viruses, including MEV, have been circulating in wild and domestic animals for decades, CPV-2 emerged as a dog pathogen during the late 1970s as a variant of FPV or of a closely related virus [16]. These viruses have been identified in a wide array of hosts, such as domestic cats and dogs, wildcats, lynx, cougars, raccoons, skunks, wolves, foxes, coyotes, and many others [16,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Host specificity is determined in part by the affinity of viral capsid proteins to the cellular receptor (transferrin receptor type 1) and single amino acid mutations in the capsid protein can determine whether a host is susceptible to the virus [36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and Infection Dynamics of Multi-Host Amdoparvoviral and Protoparvoviral Carnivore Pathogens

et al. 2020

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Amdoparvovirus and Protoparvovirus are monophyletic viral genera that infect carnivores. We performed surveillance for and sequence analyses of parvoviruses in mustelids in insular British Columbia to investigate parvoviral maintenance and cross-species transmission among wildlife. Overall, 19.1% (49/256) of the tested animals were parvovirus-positive. Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) was more prevalent in mink (41.6%, 32/77) than martens (3.1%, 4/130), feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) was more prevalent in otters (27.3%, 6/22) than mink (5.2%, 4/77) or martens (2.3%, 3/130), and canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) was found in one mink, one otter, and zero ermines (N = 27). Viruses were endemic and bottleneck events, founder effects, and genetic drift generated regional lineages. We identified two local closely related AMDV lineages, one CPV-2 lineage, and five FPV lineages. Highly similar viruses were identified in different hosts, demonstrating cross-species transmission. The likelihood for cross-species transmission differed among viruses and some species likely represented dead-end spillover hosts. We suggest that there are principal maintenance hosts (otters for FPV, raccoons for CPV-2/FPV, mink for AMDV) that enable viral persistence and serve as sources for other susceptible species. In this multi-host system, viral and host factors affect viral persistence and distribution, shaping parvoviral ecology and evolution, with implications for insular carnivore conservation.

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“…Gross and histologic pathology was performed on all animals by the New Hampshire Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Lynx canadensis subsolanus spleen samples were collected over a 5-year period from 2012 to 2016 from Newfoundland island, Canada as part of other ongoing studies (Canuti et al, 2017). Receipt of the lynx spleen samples was covered under protocols 14-04-AL and 15-04-AL ("Samples from wild fur-bearing mammals") from the Memorial University Institutional Animal Care Committee.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Dna Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lynx can be found across Canada and the northern United States. On the island of Newfoundland, the lynx population is isolated enough to form a lynx subspecies, Lynx canadensis subsolanus (Canuti et al, 2017;Koen et al, 2015;Row et al, 2012;Van Zyll De Jong, 1975). This isolation has made the Newfoundland lynx population particularly interesting for the study of pathogen evolution and epidemiology (Canuti et al, 2017;Koen et al, 2015;Van Zyll De Jong, 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a novel gammaherpesvirus in Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis)

Hendrikse

Kambli

Kayko

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Gammaherpesviruses (GHVs) infect many animal species and are associated with lymphoproliferative disorders in some. Previously, we identified several novel GHVs in North American felids, however a GHV had never been identified in Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis). We therefore hypothesized the existence of an unidentified GHV in lynx. Using degenerate nested and subsequently virus-specific PCR, we amplified and sequenced 3.4 kb of DNA from a novel GHV in lynx, which we named Lynx canadensis gammaherpesvirus 1 (LcaGHV1). We then estimated the prevalence of LcaGHV1 in lynx by developing a PCR-based assay and detected LcaGHV1 DNA in 36% (95% CI: 22-53%) of lynx spleen DNA samples from Maine, USA and 17% (95% CI: 8-31%) from Newfoundland, Canada. Phylogenetic analysis determined that LcaGHV1 is a distinct GHV species belonging to the genus Percavirus. The potential ecologic and pathologic consequences of this novel virus for Canada lynx populations warrant further study.

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Introduction of canine parvovirus 2 into wildlife on the Island of Newfoundland, Canada

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Nearly full‐length genome characterization of canine parvovirus strains circulating in Nigeria

Nearly full‐length genome characterization of canine parvovirus strains circulating in Nigeria

Ecology and Infection Dynamics of Multi-Host Amdoparvoviral and Protoparvoviral Carnivore Pathogens

Identification of a novel gammaherpesvirus in Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis)

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