Introduction: Marshall’s Concept Of Citizenship And Contemporary Welfare Reconfiguration

Active Citizenship in Scandinavian Schools and Nursing Homes

“…Evers and Guillemard (2013a) emphasised how using active citizenship as an analytic tool gives insight into the 'responsibility mix': the division of rights and obligations between the state, civil society and individual citizens. This division involves deciding which tasks should be assigned to different actors, and also provides a basis for normative perceptions about the suitable size of each institutional sector.…”

Social Innovations in the Urban Context

“…A new tendency in welfare arrangements (see Evers and Guillemard 2013), particularly in the field of "workfare", is for clients to enter a form of contractual relationship in which the preconditions for support concern their future behaviour. This requires clients to take exclusive responsibility for themselves.…”

Towards Solidarity and Recognition?

“…Different from the inequality observed in a class-based society, rights of citizenship entitle individuals to a specific standard of living or wellbeing guaranteed by the state (Evers and Guillemard, 2013). The status of citizenship endows residents of a nation with being able to make "universalistic claims" of social benefits "to a modicum of 1 0 6 W E N economic welfare and security" (Lister, 2007), while non-citizens are excluded (Leisering and Barrientos, 2013).…”

“…Social policy refers to the state's actions on "the distribution of resources, status and power between different groups in society" (Walker, 1984:31), and may promote, maintain or damage people's social conditions and life chances (Jones, 1990:3-4). It embodies the principles of solidarity, interdependence and recognition that social relations are based on (Evers and Guillemard, 2013). The material resources side of cit izenship can be found in the post-war consensus on the welfare state and relevant social policies.…”