Introduction

Chen, Francis F.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-5595-4_1

Cited by 178 publications

(140 citation statements)

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“…The mirror acceleration as introduced here generalizes the nonrelativistic approach by Chen [1984] and Mann and Classen [1995] in such a way that the particles are considered to be fully relativistic, whereas the mirror speeds are regarded as nonrelativistic. The mirrors M1 and M2 (see …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of highly energetic electrons by shock waves in the solar corona

Mann¹,

Claßen²,

Motschmann³

2001

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. In the solar corona, shock waves are generated by flares or coronal mass ejections. These shock waves are able to accelerate electrons up to high energies as observed by radio astronomical methods in terms of type II radio bursts and by extraterrestrial in situ measurements. A mechanism of electron acceleration acting at small spatial and temporal scales near the shock transition is presented and then compared with measurements of the Comprehensive Suprathermal and Energetic Particle Analyzer (COSTEP) instrument aboard the SOHO spacecraft during a particular solar event. A numerical hybrid simulation performed under typical coronal circumstances shows that strong magnetic field fluctuations appear immediately at the vicinity of the shock transition. Multiple encounters of electrons with such large-amplitude fluctuations lead to considerable acceleration up to high energies of about 1 MeV.

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confidence: 99%

Generation of highly energetic electrons by shock waves in the solar corona

Mann¹,

Claßen²,

Motschmann³

2001

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Thus, electromagnetic wave propagation with plasma has a complicated nature that is not generally observed in con− ventional dielectric media [26]. The dielectric constant of a plasma medium is given as follows [27] Where N is the density of plasma, i.e., the number of electrons per unit volume, e is the charge of an electron, m is the mass of an electron, and e 0 is the permittivity of the free space and given by e 0 12 8 854 10 =´-.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of plasma on modal dispersion characteristics of elliptical Bragg waveguide

Prajapati

Saini²,

Chauhan

et al. 2014

Opto-Electronics Review

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In this paper, the dispersion characteristics of a plasma filled elliptical Bragg waveguide is investigated. The modal characteristic equations of the proposed Bragg waveguide for both ω > ωp and ω < ωp are derived. The effects of plasma frequency, numbers of cladding layers and the eccentricity of elliptical Bragg waveguide on the dispersion characteristics are studied. The analysis shows that the introduction of plasma in the proposed waveguide allows to control the propagation of modes.

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“…A more complete treatment [214] of the coupled electromagnetic wave and plasma system shows that the eigenmodes for the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a plasma along the direction of a static magnetic field are given by the poles of the complex index of refraction in the dispersion relation:…”

Section: Source Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the magnetic moment enclosed an ion's helical trajectory in a magnetic field is an adiabatic invariant [214] ions gain kinetic energy when they travel from a region of higher to lower magnetic field. Hence, the energy of ions incident on the growth surface can be directly controlled (over a finite range) by controlling the relative magnetic field at the growth surface compared to the field in the source [215].…”

Section: Source Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of CuInSe2-Based Solar Cells: Characterization of Deposition Processes in Terms of Chemical Reaction Analyses. Final Report, 6 May 1995 - 31 December 1998

Anderson¹,

Stanbery²

2001

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This project was initiated after the Boeing Company decided to terminate its photovoltaic research and development efforts, and donated some research equipment to UF. Billy Stanbery, who was part of the Boeing team, decided then to enroll at UF to pursue a Ph.D degree. As such these events constituted a rare direct technology transfer from industry to a university. This helped to preserve more than the published legacy of the solar cell efforts at Boeing, and jump-started a comprehensive, multifaceted, and multidisciplinary copper indium diselenide solar cell research effort at UF. 5-15 Micro-Raman scattering spectra of islands on two indium-rich CIS films grown on GaAs (100). The uppermost curve is from an island "pool" on a sodium-dosed film and the lower two are single and averaged spectra from isolated islands on the sample without sodium shown in Figure 5- field. It focused primarily on the physical and opto-electronic properties of the general class of I-III-VI2 and II-IV-V2 compound semiconductors. More recent reviews specifically oriented towards CIS materials and electronic properties [2][3][4][5][6] are also recommended reading for those seeking to familiarize themselves with key research results in this field.There are also a number of excellent books and reviews on photovoltaic device physics [7,8], on the general subject of solar cells and their applications [9,10], and others specifically oriented towards thin-film solar cells [11,12] Researchers have not always been careful to reserve the use of the compound designation CuInSe2 for single-phase material of the designated stoichiometry, an imprecision that is understandable in view of the difficulty in discriminating CuInSe2 from some other compounds in this material system, as will be discussed in detail elsewhere in this treatise. The compound designations such as CuInSe2 will be reserved herein for reference to single-phase material of finite solid solution extent, and multiphasic or materials of indeterminate structure composed of copper, indium, and selenium will be referred to by the customary acronym, in this case CIS. 3 This review begins with an overview of the physical properties of the principal copper ternary chalcogenides utilized for PV devices, including their thermochemistry, crystallography, and opto-electronic properties. All state-ofthe-art devices rely on alloys of these ternary compounds and employ alkali impurities, so the physical properties and effects of these additives will be presented, with an emphasis on their relevance to electronic carrier transport properties. This foundation will provide a basis from which to address the additional complexities and variability resulting from the plethora of materials processing methods and device structures which have been successfully employed to fabricate high efficiency PV devices utilizing absorbers belonging to this class of materials. Phase Chemistry of Cu-III-VI Material SystemsSignificant technological applications exist for Ag-III-VI2 compounds as non-linear optical mat...

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Introduction

Cited by 178 publications

References 0 publications

Generation of highly energetic electrons by shock waves in the solar corona

Generation of highly energetic electrons by shock waves in the solar corona

Effect of plasma on modal dispersion characteristics of elliptical Bragg waveguide

Processing of CuInSe2-Based Solar Cells: Characterization of Deposition Processes in Terms of Chemical Reaction Analyses. Final Report, 6 May 1995 - 31 December 1998

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