Intravascular Lymphoma Involving the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems in a Dog

Abstract

A 5-year-old, castrated male mixed-breed dog was presented for paraparesis, ataxia, hyperesthesia, and thrombocytopenia of 5 months' duration and recurrent seizures during the preceding 2 weeks. Multifocal neurological, ophthalmological, pulmonary, and cardiac diseases were identified. Magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis supported a tentative diagnosis of neoplastic or inflammatory disease. A computed tomography-guided biopsy provided both cytopathological and histopathological evidence of intravascular lymphoma. The disease progressed despite chemotherapy with prednisone, L-asparginase, and vincristine. Postmortem histopathological examinations suggested intravascular lymphoma in the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as in multiple other organ systems. This is the first description of an antemortem diagnosis and treatment of intravascular lymphoma involving the central nervous system of a dog.

Linfossarcoma intracerebral em bovino

“…A mesma situação parece ocorrer em macacos rhesus (Macaca mulatta) infectados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência dos símios (KAHNT et al, 2002). Uma rara forma de linfossarcoma associada aos vasos sangüíneos, denominada linfossarcoma angiotrópico é descrita em humanos (GIROLAMI et al, 2000), cães (DARGENT et al, 1988;BUSH et al, 2003) e gatos (LAPOINTE et al, 1997). A metástase de linfossarcoma epiteliotrópico (micose fungóide) já foi descrita no cérebro de um cão (CZASCH et al, 2000).…”

Recurrent cerebrovascular accidents caused by intravascular lymphoma in a dog

“…Of these, two of the three dogs displayed macroscopic cutaneous lesions and one of the five dogs had bone marrow involvement. For the dog that did not have macroscopic cutaneous lesions, changes in the skin were consistent with a vasculopathy,7 while histopathological changes compatible with IVL were evident in the dogs with macroscopic lesions 10 25. In our case, unfortunately, neither ante-mortem nor postmortem histopathological examination was performed on skin or bone marrow.…”

“…Guided brain biopsy may be considered in the future, as in the study by Bush and others,7 and the efficacy of skin biopsies, even without apparent cutaneous involvement, should also be investigated in canine IVL.…”

Intravascular T-cell lymphoma in a patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas)

“…The clinical presentation of this systemic disease is diverse and depends on the spectrum of affected organs, rendering ante mortem diagnosis difficult (Ferreri et al, 2004;Zuckerman et al, 2006). Progressive occlusion of small vessels by neoplastic cells may result in thrombosis, hemorrhage, and infarction (Cullen et al, 2000;Bush et al, 2003). In humans, there is a clear relationship between Tcell IVL and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV, human herpes virus 4) infection, as demonstrated by detection of EBV RNA in lymphoma cells (Au et al, 1997;Cerroni et al, 2008).…”