Intrauterine growth retardation, general movements, and neurodevelopmental outcome: a review

Bos, Arend F.; Einspieler, Christa; Prechtl, H.F.R.

doi:10.1017/s001216220100010x

Cited by 78 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…These findings confirm the data from other follow up studies of very preterm SGA children (5)(6)(7)9). Apparently, attention is a vulnerable neuropsychological domain in very preterm SGA children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it has been shown that children born small for gestational age (SGA) are also at risk for poor neurodevelopmental outcome (5,6). This holds good for SGA children born at term and also for those born preterm (<37 wk) (5). Lower intelligence quotients (IQs) are reported in full term and moderately preterm SGA children in particu lar (7,8).…”

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Functional outcome of very preterm–born and small-for-gestational-age children at school age

et al. 2012

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Background: Our aim was to determine functional outcome of very preterm-born and small-for-gestational-age (sGa) children as compared with matched controls at school age. Methods: We included 28 very preterm sGa children (Ga <32 wk, birth weight (BW) <10th percentile), born in 2000-2001. We also included 28 very preterm but appropriate-forgestational-age (aGa) children, matched for Ga, gender, and birth year, as controls. We assessed motor skills, intelligence quotient (IQ), attention, verbal memory, visual perception, visuomotor integration, executive functioning, and behavior of both sets of children at school age. results: The sGa children had a median Ga of 29.7 wk and BW of 888 g, whereas the controls had a median Ga of 29.4 wk and BW of 1,163 g. at 8.6 y, the median total IQ of the sGa children was 94 as compared with 95 in the controls (not significant). Performance IQ was significantly lower in sGa children (89 vs. 95, P = 0.043), whereas verbal IQ was not (95 vs. 95). Total motor skills (P = 0.048) and fine motor skills (P = 0.021) were worse in sGa children. Furthermore, sGa children scored lower on selective attention (P = 0.026) and visual perception (P = 0.025). Other scores did not differ significantly between groups. conclusion: The differences we found between the groups were small. This suggests that the impaired functioning of very preterm-born sGa children is attributable to their having been born very preterm rather than to being sGa.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Functional outcome of very preterm–born and small-for-gestational-age children at school age

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“…Essas crianças podem apresentar maior morbi-mortalidade e taxas de deficiências físicas, neurológicas e mentais mais elevadas, embora haja controvérsias a respeito desses achados 3 . Uma revisão dos estudos sobre o desenvolvimento de crianças com RCIU demonstrou resultados conflitantes entre os diversos autores, atribuídos à heterogeneidade dos lactentes selecionados, aos diferentes instrumentos de avaliação do desenvolvimento e à variedade da duração do acompanhamento 4 . Todavia, há concordância de que o declínio do peso ao nascimento está associado ao aumento linear na taxa de morbidade e ao maior risco de anormalidades leves do neurodesenvolvimento, como alterações cognitivas, dificuldades acadêmicas e problemas comportam e n t a i s 5 .…”

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Neurodesenvolvimento de lactentes nascidos a termo pequenos para a idade gestacional no segundo mês de vida

Goto

Gonçalves

Netto

et al. 2005

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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RESUMO -O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar o neurodesenvolvimento de lactentes nascidos a termo, com peso adequado (AIG) ou pequeno para a idade gestacional (PIG), no 2º mês de vida. Av a l i a r a mse 67 lactentes: 43 AIG e 24 PIG, utilizando as Bayley Scales of Infant Development. O Index Score (IS) nas Escalas Mental e Motora foi significativamente menor no grupo PIG. Considerando a proporcionalidade corporal (Grupos Controle, Assimétrico e PIG-Simétrico), houve diferença significativa na Escala Motora (p=0,003), com menores pontuações no grupo PIG-Simétrico. Comparados aos percentis de IS do grupo Controle, na Escala Mental, houve diferença entre os grupos Assimétrico X PIG-Simétrico; na Escala Motora, houve diferença entre os grupos Assimétrico X Controle (p=0,039) e PIG-Simétrico X Controle (p=0,0007); não houve diferença entre os grupos Assimétrico e PIG-Simétrico, ambos apresentando menores pontuações que o grupo Controle.PA L AV R A S -C H AVE: pequeno para a idade gestacional, desenvolvimento infantil, desnutrição intra-uterina.Neurodevelopment of full-term small-for-gestacional age infants in the second month of life ABSTRACT -The objective of the present study was to assess and to compare the neurodevelopment of full-term adequate (AGA) or small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants in the second month of life. Sixty-seven infants were evaluated: 43 AGA and 24 SGA, making use of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The SGA group Index Score (IS) was significantly lower in Mental and Motor Scales. Considering the body proportionality (Asymmetric, Symmetric-SGA and Control group) there was difference in Motor Scale (p=0.003) with lower scores in the Symmetric-SGA group. Comparing to the Control group IS percentiles, in Mental Scale there was difference between Asymmetric X Symmetric-SGA; in Motor Scale, there was difference between the Asymmetric X Control (p=0.039) and Symmetric-SGA X Control (p=0.007) groups; there was no difference between Asymmetric and Symmetric-SGA although both exhibited lower scores than the Control group.KEY WORDS: small-for-gestational age, infant development, intrauterine malnutrition.O termo restrição do crescimento intra-uterino (RCIU) é freqüentemente mal interpretado em obstetrícia. O recém-nascido (RN) com RCIU é definido como aquele que não atingiu seu crescimento potencial genético intra-uterino, sugerindo um processo patológico durante a vida fetal 1 . Estudos mais recentes mostram a tendência à utilização do termo pequeno para a idade gestacional (PIG) para os fetos ou RN que falharam em atingir o padrão de peso ou antropométrico arbitrário para determinada idade gestacional 1 . Não obstante, os termos RCIU e PIG são, com freqüência, utilizados como sinônimos e os mesmos limites estatísticos são utilizados para sua identificação. No entanto, cabe destacar a possibilidade de alguns neonatos PIG serem apenas constitucionalmente pequenos, quando analisados segundo seu potencial genético de crescimento, representando a porção final da curva de distribuição n...

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“…This difficulty is due to the heterogeneity of the groups from one study to another. In some previous studies, it was suggested that newborns with risk factors for developmental abnormalities should not be excluded and in others, SGA preterm newborns were included, a variety of developmental characteristics were investigated and different ages were assessed 11 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postural control of small for gestational age infants born at term

Campos¹,

Santos²,

Gonçalves³

et al. 2007

Rev. bras. fisioter.

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Objective: This study compared the postural control of small (SGA) and appropriate (AGA) for gestational age infants born at term, at the ages of 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Method: This was a cohort study of infants born at term, with birth weight less than the 10 th percentile for the SGA group and between the 10 th and 90 th percentiles for the AGA group. Infants with genetic syndromes, malformations, congenital infections and internment in neonatal intensive care unit were excluded. The evaluation instrument was the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. Results: Comparison of the SGA and AGA groups did not show any significant differences (p>0.05) at the assessment times. However, the postural control of the SGA group was influenced by the gestational age (r=-0.83; p= 0.006) and 5 th minute Apgar (r= 0.79; p= 0.01) in the 3 rd month, and by maternal occupation (r= 0.67; p= 0.01) in the 6 th month. Conclusion: It was concluded that the postural control was similar in the groups. However, the postural control of the SGA group was influenced by biological and environmental factors.Key words: infant, fetal growth retardation, child development. RESUMO Controle Postural de Lactentes Nascidos a Termo Pequenos para a Idade GestacionalObjetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo comparar o controle postural de lactentes nascidos a termo, pequenos (PIG) e adequados para a idade gestacional (AIG) nos 3º, 6º, 9º e 12º meses. MÉTODO: Estudo longitudinal de lactentes nascidos a termo, com peso de nascimento menor que o percentil 10 para o grupo PIG e entre o percentil 10 e 90 para o grupo AIG. Síndromes genéticas, más--formações, infecções congênitas e internados em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal foram excluídos. O instrumento de avaliação foi Alberta Infant Motor Scale. Resultados: A comparação do grupo PIG e AIG não mostrou diferença significativa (p> 0,05) nos meses avaliados. Entretanto, o controle postural do grupo PIG foi influenciado pela idade gestacional (r= -0,83/ p= 0,006) e Apgar de 5' (r= 0,79/p= 0,01) no 3º mês; e pela ocupação materna (r= 0,67/p= 0,01) no 6º mês. Conclusão: Concluiu--se que o controle postural foi similar nos grupos; porém o controle postural do grupo PIG foi influenciado por fatores biológicos e ambientais.Palavras-chave: lactente, retardo do crescimento fetal, desenvolvimento infantil. 8 Campos D, Santos DCC, Gonçalves VMG, Montebelo MIL, Goto MMF e Gabbard C Rev. bras. fisioter.

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Intrauterine growth retardation, general movements, and neurodevelopmental outcome: a review

Cited by 78 publications

References 78 publications

Functional outcome of very preterm–born and small-for-gestational-age children at school age

Functional outcome of very preterm–born and small-for-gestational-age children at school age

Neurodesenvolvimento de lactentes nascidos a termo pequenos para a idade gestacional no segundo mês de vida

Postural control of small for gestational age infants born at term

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