Intratumor molecular heterogeneity in pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands

DNA methylation pattern of apoptosis‐related genes in ameloblastoma

“…On the other hand, no difference was observed in TNFRSF25 between both groups. Such discrepancy may be explained by the molecular heterogeneity of the tumoral tissues included in the analysis, which is a well‐described feature in malignant and benign neoplasias (Gomes et al , ).…”

DNA methylation polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array of apoptosis-related genes in pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands

“…One of the hallmarks of cancer is tumor resistance to cell death, and thus, apoptosis has been studied in several tumor types. 3,[8][9][10] Another hallmark of cancer is the global changes in the epigenetic landscape. 13 Although these cancer hallmarks have been proposed on the basis of the behavior of malignant neoplasms, it is possible that benign neoplasms, such as PAs, share these hallmarks.…”

“…The difference of methylation percentage of BCL2 L11 among PAs and NSGs was greater than the difference of the methylation percentage of TNFRSF25 and was therefore expected to result in lower transcription levels. However, this lack of concordance between the methylation and transcription data may have resulted from the small number of PA samples available for gene transcription validation by qPCR and also from the known molecular heterogeneity of PA, 3 once DNA and RNA have been isolated separately from different tumor portions. Additionally, the relationship between DNA methylation and expression is more complex than previously thought, and negative correlation between methylation levels and gene expression has been previously reported.…”

“…2 Molecular heterogeneity in these tumors has also been proved. 3 PAs can recur or undergo malignant transformation, 4,5 and the clarification of their molecular pathogenesis may help improve the understanding of such phenomena.…”

The relationship between proteoglycan inhibition via xylosyltransferase II silencing and the implantation of salivary pleomorphic adenoma

“…The main clinical problems associated with SPA are the risk of recurrence and implantation, make SPA prone to malignant transformation. Studies investigating the molecular pathogenesis of SPA have shown that it is not exclusively characterized as a malignant solid tumour . However, growth of SPA in vivo in nude mice was very difficult.…”