Intratumor microbiome in cancer progression: current developments, challenges and future trends

Abstract

Cancer is a complicated disease attributed to multifactorial changes, which causes difficulties with treatment strategies. Various factors have been regarded as the main contributors, and infectious etiological factors have recently attracted interest. Several microbiomes contribute to carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and modulating cancer treatment by inducing cancerous epithelial cells and chronic inflammation. Most of our knowledge on the role of microbiota in tumor oncogenesis and clinical efficiency is associated with the intestinal microbiome. However, compelling evidence has also confirmed the contribution of the intratumor microbiome in cancer. Indeed, the findings of clinical tumor samples, animal models, and studies in vitro have revealed that many intratumor microbiomes promote tumorigenesis and immune evasion. In addition, the intratumor microbiome participates in regulating the immune response and even affects the outcomes of cancer treatment. This review summarizes the interplay between the intratumor microbiota and cancer, focusing on the contribution and mechanism of intratumor microbiota in cancer initiation, progression, and potential applications to cancer therapy.

Changes in L-phenylalanine concentration is a risk factor for NSCLC patients who received PD-1 Ab treatment: a case-control study

“…Neurauter et al found that the higher the FIGO stage of ovarian cancer, the higher the serum L-phenylalanine concentration (45). Xiaoli et al found that the serum L-phenylalanine level in patients with esophageal cancer was signi cantly higher than that in healthy controls, whereas tyrosine levels were signi cantly lower than those in healthy controls (13). Cheng et al found that serum L-phenylalanine concentration in patients with NSCLC was signi cantly elevated (7).…”

“…Based on this, our goal was to identify predictive biomarkers from peripheral blood through liquid biopsy, which has high sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, and repeatable sampling, and can dynamically re ect the physiological changes of patients after treatment. Currently, common blood biopsy methods in clinical and research studies include exosomes (EVs) (13), tumor-induced platelets (TEP) (14), and microbiota and microbial metabolites (15)(16)(17)(18). However, these methods have disadvantages.…”

Simulate the Dynamic Interactions Across Nutritional Supplements, the Polybiome, and the Biochemical Approach Dependent on Patient-Derived Gastrointestinal Knowledge

“…The progression of illnesses such colon cancer metastases, which may affect intestinal lumen homeostasis, is controlled by the disease, dietary behavior patterns, dysbacteriosis of the microbial population, and gastrointestinal endophytic mediators [243][244][245][246][247]. Most models used to decode food, microbiota, and host interactions are animal-based.…”

Intratumoral microbiota: roles in cancer initiation, development and therapeutic efficacy

“… 36 Several reviews have compiled detailed tables to clarify the microbial composition of different cancer types. 32 , 37 Due to recent breakthroughs in research of intratumoral microbiota compositions, we have summarized the main bacterial and fungal compositions of eight different cancers published in large-scale cohort studies in recent years (Fig. 2 , Table 1 ).…”