Intraspecies variation of Brugia spp. in cat reservoirs using complete ITS sequences

Areekit, Supatra; Singhaphan, Pirom; Khuchareontaworn, Sintawee; Kanjanavas, Pornpimon; Sriyaphai, Thayat; Pakpitchareon, Arda; Khawsak, Paisan; Chansiri, Kosum

doi:10.1007/s00436-009-1352-x

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However genetic distances of the ITS-2 region between A. reconditum and isolates from Mumbai were within the range expected for separate species of the same genera. Different species of filarial nematodes are reported to vary in their degree of intra-species variation based on the ITS-2 gene [48], making this comparative analysis difficult to confirm. Future molecular epidemiological studies comparing the intra-species variation of Acanthocheilonema spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of canine filarial diseases of veterinary and public health significance in India

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundDirofilaria spp., Acanthocheilonema spp. and Brugia spp. have all been reported in Indian dogs. In previous studies, diagnosis was made by morphological identification only. This is the first geographically stratified cross-sectional study in India to determine the prevalence and geographical distribution of canine filarial species of veterinary and public health importance, using a combination of conventional and molecular diagnostic techniques.ResultsA total of 139 from 525 dogs (26.5%; 95% CI 22.7, 30.3) were positive for microfilariae. The most common species of canine filaria identified in this study was A. reconditum (9.3%) followed by D. repens (6.7%) and D. immitis (1.5%). Three out of 525 dogs were found to have mixed infections on PCR. The morphological and molecular evidence on the sequence of the 18S gene and phylogenetic analysis of the ITS-2 region provided strong evidence that the canine microfilariae discovered in the Himalayan city of Ladakh belong to a novel species of Acanthocheilonema. Two dogs in Ladakh were also found to have mixed infections of the novel species described above and a unique microfilaria which morphologically resembled Microfilaria auquieri Foley, 1921.ConclusionsAt least six species of filarial nematode are now known to infect dogs in India, two of which were reported for the first time in this study. The study also confirms and extends the geographical distribution of canine heartworm (D. immitis) which overlaps with D. repens, emphasising the importance for veterinary clinicians and diagnostic laboratories to utilise immunodiagnostic tests that will not cross-react between those two filarial species. From a public health viewpoint, the distribution and prevalences of these nematodes warrant an appropriate prophylaxis to be administered to dogs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of canine filarial diseases of veterinary and public health significance in India

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Intraspecific diversity between virulent and avirulent B. xylophilus isolates has been detected using RFLP analysis with the enzyme HhaI (Aikawa et al, 2003(Aikawa et al, , 2006. ITS genetic diversity has been reported within species and individuals from a diverse range of eukaryotes, including insects (Fairley et al, 2005;Li and Wilkerson, 2007), marine sponges (Worheide et al, 2004;Vierna et al, 2010), fungi (Horton, 2002;Smith et al, 2007), and nematodes such as Meloidogyne (Hugall et al, 1999), Brugia (Areekit et al, 2009), Ascaris (Leles et al, 2010), and Pratylenchus (De Luca et al, 2011). However, to our knowledge, no data on ITS intra-isolate and intra-individual diversity in B. xylophilus or other Bursaphelenchus species have been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of ITS sequences of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Cardoso

Fonseca²,

Abrantes³

2012

Genet. Mol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. The sequence variation of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA has been routinely used for species identification and species-level phylogeny of the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. In this study, the intraspecies ITS genetic diversity of B. xylophilus was evaluated. Three pinewood nematode isolates from the United States, Japan, and Portugal were used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ITS region amplification and sequencing. Multiple peaks were observed in sequencing chromatograms from ITS regions of American and Japanese isolates, suggesting the presence of more than one ribosomal sequence for each isolate. PCR products were further cloned and 10 clones of each isolate were subsequently sequenced. Additionally, the ITS regions of individual nematodes from each isolate were amplified, cloned and sequenced. Among the 3 B. xylophilus isolates analyzed, an intraspecific and intra-isolate molecular variability was found. The intra-isolate ITS molecular diversity in the American isolate was higher than that in the Japanese and Portuguese isolates. However, the level of sequence variation observed within isolates was about the same as that described among ITS repeats within individuals.

show abstract

“…The nucleotide sequences of the partial 5.8S rRNA and ITS2 region contained approximately 300-350 bp that allowed the filarial nematodes to be classified as D. immitis or B. pahangi. The nucleotide sequences of five isolates of B. pahangi were identical and grouped in a haplotype that showed 100% identity with B. pahangi (AY988600; [3]) and 95.67% with isolates from cats from the Narathiwat province in Southern Thailand (EU373655; [28]). However, two nucleotide sequences of D. immitis had some nucleotide differences, which showed 95-100% identity with the D. immitis references (Table S1).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Relationship Of D Immitis and B Pahangimentioning

confidence: 98%

Geographic Spatial Distribution Patterns of Dirofilaria immitis and Brugia pahangi Infection in Community Dogs in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Kaikuntod

Arjkumpa²,

Kladkempetch

et al. 2020

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Filariasis is emerging as a public health concern in tropical and subtropical areas. Filariasis is an endemic problem commonly found in southeast Asian countries. Using the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the ITS1 region with Vsp I, the overall prevalence rates of Dirofilaria immitis (12.2% (41/337); 95% confidence interval: 9.1–16.1%) and Brugia pahangi (8.3% (28/337); 95% confidence interval: 5.8–11.8%) were determined based on 337 free-roaming community dogs from 20 districts in Northern Thailand. Microfilaremia was found in only 6.2% of dogs (21/337). Co-infection with D. immitis and B. pahangi was observed in two dogs. Of the 215 blood samples examined using a Canine Heartworm Ag Kit, only 3.72% (eight dogs) were D. immitis antigen positive. Among these eight, six dogs had occult D. immitis infections. In terms of geographic distribution, we found the abundance of D. immitis and B. pahangi in the central areas at altitudes less than 400 m to be 12.1% and 10.3%, respectively. In contrast, at higher altitudes between 400 and 800 m, a significantly higher number of B. pahangi compared with D. immitis infected individuals were observed at 14.29% and 4.1%, respectively. In conclusion, D. immitis and B. pahangi were the most common filarial infections found in community dogs in Northern Thailand. Dogs might be an important reservoir of B. pahangi in that region. Increasing awareness and concern and including proper deworming programs for community dogs should be endorsed to reduce the transmission risk. Additionally, the population dynamics of the mosquito vector of B. pahangi across altitudinal gradients deserved further investigation.

show abstract

Intraspecies variation of Brugia spp. in cat reservoirs using complete ITS sequences

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

A survey of canine filarial diseases of veterinary and public health significance in India

A survey of canine filarial diseases of veterinary and public health significance in India

Genetic diversity of ITS sequences of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Geographic Spatial Distribution Patterns of Dirofilaria immitis and Brugia pahangi Infection in Community Dogs in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About