Intraoperative radiation therapy at the National Cancer Institute: Technical innovations and dosimetry

Guidelines for quality assurance in intra-operative radiation therapy

“…The circular-applicators can have an oblique distal part that is tilted with respect to the geometric axis of the beam, with angles ranging from 15°to 45°(base bevelled applicator). The use of an applicator of more complex form called "bevelled squircle applicator" has been reported in the literature 28 . The length of the applicator can depend on its diameter and in some cases determines the source-skin distance (SSD).…”

“…-radically of the surgical intervention and the possible entity of the residual neoplasm; -possible intensification due to chemotherapy of pre-or post-operative radiotherapy treatments; -Code systems for the prescription of the dose in the treatments with electrons proposed at international level (International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) 29 54 , Task force 48 American Association of Physical Medical (AAPM) 28 , etc. ); -position, the accessibility and the extension of the target volume;…”

“…In addition to routine quality control applied to the equipment used in conventional external radiotherapy, specific periodic tests have to be performed for LINACs used for IORT, in order to verify the stability of all the parameters that can became critical in an intra-operative context [25][26][27][28] . For the additional controls to be effected, reference can be made to the chart ( Table I) that indicates the main controls to carry out for the dedicated accelerators.…”

The Historical Perspective of Gastric Cancer

“…Thanks to his new method it became possible to radiate the requested structures directly with the help of an attachable conus without damaging the adjacent organs, as was the case with extreme radiation [83].…”

Monte Carlo Study of a New Mobile Electron Accelerator Head for Intra Operative Radiation Therapy (IORT)

“…The practice of IORT using megavoltage electron beams dates from the work of Abe et al, in Japan, Gunderson et [1][2][3][4] To date, IORT has been performed either in a shielded part of an operating room (OR) or in a shielded radiotherapy treatment room using stationary linear accelerators. Now, new technology has made it possible to use mobile accelerator units that can be transported to any OR in a hospital.…”