Intranasal Protollin™/F1-V vaccine elicits respiratory and serum antibody responses and protects mice against lethal aerosolized plague infection

Intranasal Inoculation of Mice withYersinia pseudotuberculosisCauses a Lethal Lung Infection That Is Dependent onYersiniaOuter Proteins andPhoP

“…The lower levels of colonization of Y. pseudotuberculosis and slower time to morbidity relative to Y. pestis are unlikely due to the difference in mouse background as Y. pseudotuberculosis colonization of C57BL/6 mice is similar to that of BALB/c mice (data not shown). Furthermore, both Swiss Webster and BALB/c mice succumb to aerosolized or intranasal inoculation of lethal doses of Y. pestis within 4 days (36,42,71,86). Combined, these data indicate that the more rapid morbidity associated with Y. pestis infection is likely a result of a physiological difference between Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. pestis.…”

Effective Plague Vaccination via Oral Delivery of Plant Cells Expressing F1-V Antigens in Chloroplasts

“…Again, no direct comparison of IgA with survival was made. Another recent study in which F1-V was mixed with the mucosal adjuvant Protollin and administered intranasally did show that there was a statistical association between lung IgA levels and protection (43). This finding is complicated by the fact that there were also statistical associations between lung and serum IgG levels and protection.…”

Characterization of a mouse model of plague after aerosolization of Yersinia pestis CO92

“…At a 5 LD 50 dose of Y. pestis CO92, the majority of the mice succumbed to infection and died when infected by the intranasal route (Sha et al, 2008). Smith et al reported the development of pneumonic plague in mice via the aerosolization of Y. pestis (Smith et al, 1957), and, since then, several studies have utilized an aerosol model to test the efficacies of plague vaccine combinations Andrews et al, 1996;Glynn et al, 2005;Heath et al, 1998;Hill et al, 2006;Jones et al, 2006;Williamson et al, 2007). However, currently there are no reports detailing the kinetics of pneumonic plague development and host immune response by aerosolization of virulent Y. pestis CO92 in mice.…”